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Peonies are native to Asia, Europe, and Western North America. Scientists differ on the number of species that can be distinguished, ranging from 25 to 40, [5] [6] although the current consensus describes 33 known species. [7] The relationships between the species need to be further clarified. [8]
Paeonia brownii is a glaucous, summer hibernating, perennial herbaceous plant of 25–40 cm high with up to ten stems per plant, which grow from a large, fleshy root. Each pinkish stem is somewhat decumbent and has five to eight twice compound or deeply incised, bluish green, hairless, somewhat fleshy leaves which may develop purple-tinged edges when temperatures are low.
Paeonia mascula is a species of peony.It is a herbaceous perennial 0.5–1.5 m (1.6–4.9 ft) tall, [2] with leaves that are divided into three segments, and large red flowers in late spring and early summer.
Paeonia peregrina is a Balkan species native to south-eastern Europe, distributed from Italy, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania to Turkey and Moldova. [ 2 ] It is a common species found in arid, rocky areas, at the edge of forests or meadows and, less commonly, in grasses.
The common peony is native to Europe in Spain, northern Portugal and southern France, Italy, Switzerland, western Romania and the Balkan peninsula and possibly northern Greece (Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 1998, Lupo Osti 2006, Aghababian 2011, GRIN 2014). It is widely cultivated elsewhere, but considered a native endemic of Europe.
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Pierre-Auguste Renoir featured Peonies in multiple paintings from the 1870s through the 1890s. [23] The Independent wrote of his fondness for the flower that: "They had been introduced into the horticultural world of Paris in the 1860s, so there was still something of the exotic about them, and Renoir paints them rather solemnly and majestically."
Paeonia rockii is known for the obvious black, purple, and brown-red spots at the base of petals. Its main features are: Tall plant, can reach 2–3 m (6.6–9.8 ft) high, crown width 3–4 m (9.8–13.1 ft).