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  2. Capital budgeting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_budgeting

    Capital budgeting in corporate finance, corporate planning and accounting is an area of capital management that concerns the planning process used to determine whether an organization's long term capital investments such as new machinery, replacement of machinery, new plants, new products, and research development projects are worth the funding of cash through the firm's capitalization ...

  3. Public budgeting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_budgeting

    Capital budgeting is the process of planning for future purchases above a certain cost threshold or extended life span. This budget is typically accompanied by a capital improvement plan that describes a timeline for acquisition and payment of debt. Thus, a capital budget is used to fund large, long-term investments in infrastructure, such as ...

  4. Zero-based budgeting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-based_budgeting

    Zero-based budgeting (ZBB) is a budgeting method that requires all expenses to be justified and approved in each new budget period, typically each year. It was developed by Peter Pyhrr in the 1970s. This budgeting method analyzes an organization's needs and costs by starting from a "zero base" (meaning no funding allocation) at the beginning of ...

  5. Financial management - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_management

    The estimation is based on the budget e.g. sales budget, production budget; see budget analyst. Determining the capital structure: Capital structure is how a firm finances its overall operations and growth by using different sources of funds. Once the requirement of funds has estimated, the financial manager should decide the mix of debt and ...

  6. Performance-based budgeting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance-based_budgeting

    Performance-based budgeting is the practice of developing budgets based on the relationship between program funding levels and expected results from that program. The performance-based budgeting process is a tool that program administrators use to manage budget outlays more cost-efficiently and effectively.

  7. Budget process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budget_process

    Budget Call issued to outline the presentation form, recommend certain goals. Budget Formulation reflecting on the past, set goals for the future and reconcile the difference. Budget Hearings can include departments, sections, the executive, and the public to discuss changes in the budget. Budget Adoption final approval by the legislative body.

  8. Budget - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budget

    A budget is a calculation plan, usually but not always financial, for a defined period, often one year or a month.A budget may include anticipated sales volumes and revenues, resource quantities including time, costs and expenses, environmental impacts such as greenhouse gas emissions, other impacts, assets, liabilities and cash flows.

  9. Output budgeting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Output_budgeting

    Planning, Programming, and Budgeting System (PPBS) is in effect an integration of a number of techniques in a planning and budgeting process for identifying, costing and assigning a complexity of resources for establishing priorities and strategies in a major program and for forecasting costs, expenditure and achievements within the immediate ...

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