Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Aqua regia (/ ˈ r eɪ ɡ i ə, ˈ r iː dʒ i ə /; from Latin, "regal water" or "royal water") is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, optimally in a molar ratio of 1:3. [b] Aqua regia is a fuming liquid. Freshly prepared aqua regia is colorless, but it turns yellow, orange or red within seconds from the formation of nitrosyl ...
It is a yellow gas that is commonly encountered as a component of aqua regia, a mixture of 3 parts concentrated hydrochloric acid and 1 part of concentrated nitric acid. It is a strong electrophile and oxidizing agent. It is sometimes called Tilden's reagent, after William A. Tilden, who was the first to produce it as a pure compound. [1]
This was first described in pseudo-Geber's De inventione veritatis ("On the Discovery of Truth", after c. 1300), where aqua regia was prepared by adding ammonium chloride to nitric acid. [18] The fact that aqua regia typically is defined as a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid does not mean that hydrochloric acid was discovered before ...
To get the gold to a very high level of purity (999 fine gold) it is sometimes processed further with aqua regia to effectively remove all the impurities. Aqua regia was also used for parting. It was made by adding sal ammoniac to nitric acid which produced a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
AuCl 3 is a Lewis acid and readily forms complexes. For example, it reacts with hydrochloric acid to form chloroauric acid (H[AuCl 4]): [15] HCl + AuCl 3 → H + + [AuCl 4] −. Chloroauric acid is the product formed when gold dissolves in aqua regia. [15] On contact with water, AuCl 3 forms acidic hydrates and the conjugate base [AuCl 3 (OH)] −.
Aqua vitae /aqua vita/spirit of wine, ardent spirits – ethanol, formed by distilling wine [2] Butter (or oil) of antimony – antimony trichloride . Formed by distilling roasted stibnite with corrosive sublimate, or dissolving stibnite in hot concentrated hydrochloric acid and distilling.
Gold is unaffected by most acids. It does not react with hydrofluoric, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydriodic, sulfuric, or nitric acid. It does react with selenic acid, and is dissolved by aqua regia, a 1:3 mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. Nitric acid oxidizes the metal to +3 ions, but only in minute amounts, typically undetectable ...
In the eighth century, Jabir Ibn Hayyan, a Persian alchemist, discovered a substance he coined "aqua regia". [4] Aqua regia, a combination of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, was found to be effective in dissolving gold, which was previously thought to be insoluble. [4]