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Tail flick test apparatus. The tail flick test is a test of the pain response in animals, similar to the hot plate test. It is used in basic pain research and to measure the effectiveness of analgesics, by observing the reaction to heat. It was first described by D'Amour and Smith in 1941. [1]
In contrast to the tail flick assay, rodents are often unrestrained while the radiant heat source is focused on the hindpaw. Cut-off latency for the Hargreaves assay is commonly set at 10 seconds. [7] The main advantage of this test over the tail flick assay is that it allows independent assessment of treatment effects on both sides of the body ...
The hot plate test is a test of the pain response in animals, similar to the tail flick test. Both hot plate and tail-flick methods are used generally for centrally acting analgesic, [1] while peripherally acting drugs are ineffective in these tests but sensitive to acetic acid-induced writhing test. [2] The hot plate test is used in basic pain ...
Nonhuman animal pain measurement techniques include the paw pressure test, tail flick test, hot plate test and grimace scales. Grimace scales are used to assess post-operative and disease pain in mammals. Scales have been developed for ten mammalian species such as mice, rats, and rabbits. [68]
Tail flick test; Tail suspension test; U. UFAW Handbook; V. Vivisection; Vogel conflict test This page was last edited on 2 March 2015, at 21:06 (UTC). Text is ...
To test this theory, Saho Takagi and her team at Azabu University in Japan gave 31 adult cats a simple word game used to investigate the same ability in babies.
Many crustacean species, including the rockpool prawn (Palaemon elegans), [37] exhibit the caridoid escape reaction – an immediate, nociceptive, reflex tail-flick response to noxious stimuli (see here [38]).
[5] [6] Further research in this area was conducted in the rat by employing the D'Amour and Smith tail flick test in order to investigate role played by the cerebral monoamines, dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin. Akil and colleagues used four different approaches to alter transmission in monoamine pathways: depletion of monoamine stores ...