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Cell-based models are mathematical models that represent biological cells as discrete entities. Within the field of computational biology they are often simply called agent-based models [1] of which they are a specific application and they are used for simulating the biomechanics of multicellular structures such as tissues. to study the influence of these behaviors on how tissues are organised ...
Hemolymph fills all of the interior (the hemocoel) of the animal's body and surrounds all cells. It contains hemocyanin, a copper-based protein that turns blue when oxygenated, instead of the iron-based hemoglobin in red blood cells found in vertebrates, giving hemolymph a blue-green color rather than the red color of vertebrate blood. When not ...
Metaplasia occurs when a cell of a certain type is replaced by another cell type, which may be less differentiated. It is a reversible process thought to be caused by stem cell reprogramming. Stem cells are found in epithelia and embryonic mesenchyme of connective tissue. A prominent example of metaplasia involves the changes associated with ...
A cellular automaton consists of a regular grid of cells, each in one of a finite number of states, such as on and off (in contrast to a coupled map lattice). The grid can be in any finite number of dimensions. For each cell, a set of cells called its neighborhood is defined relative to the specified cell.
Pseudochorthippus parallelus [1] (often known by its synonym Chorthippus parallelus), the meadow grasshopper, [2] is a common species of grasshopper in the tribe Gomphocerini. [3] It is found in non-arid grasslands throughout the well vegetated areas of Europe and some adjoining areas of Asia.
Escherichia coli is a gram-negative prokaryotic model organism Drosophila melanogaster, one of the most famous subjects for genetics experiments Saccharomyces cerevisiae, one of the most intensively studied eukaryotic model organisms in molecular and cell biology. A model organism is a non-human species that is extensively studied to understand ...
Spike times and subthreshold voltage of cortical neuron models can be predicted by generalized integrate-and-fire models such as the adaptive integrate-and-fire model, the adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire model, or the spike response model. In the example here, adaptation is implemented by a dynamic threshold which increases after each ...
Complex adaptive systems feature a high degree of adaptive capacity, giving them resilience in the face of perturbation. Other important properties include adaptation (or homeostasis), communication, cooperation, specialization, spatial and temporal organization, and reproduction. Such properties can manifest themselves on all levels: cells ...