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In plant cells the terms isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic cannot strictly be used accurately because the pressure exerted by the cell wall significantly affects the osmotic equilibrium point. [5] Some organisms have evolved intricate methods of circumventing hypertonicity. For example, saltwater is hypertonic to the fish that live in
Contraction. It is not completely known what causes the CV membrane to contract, and whether it is an active process which costs energy or a passive collapse of the CV membrane. Evidence for involvement of actin and myosin , prominent contractile proteins which are found in many cells, are ambiguous.
Hypoosmolar hyponatremia is a condition where hyponatremia is associated with a low plasma osmolality. [1] The term "hypotonic hyponatremia" is also sometimes used.[2]When the plasma osmolarity is low, the extracellular fluid volume status may be in one of three states: low volume, normal volume, or high volume.
The descriptor can apply to objects of different types, including cells, where one mechanism of crenation is the contraction of a cell after exposure to a hypertonic solution, due to the loss of water through osmosis.
In hypertonic solutions water flows out of the cell and the cell shrinks (plasmolysis). In hypotonic solutions, water flows into the cell and the cell swells ( turgescence ). Osmotic shock or osmotic stress is physiologic dysfunction caused by a sudden change in the solute concentration around a cell , which causes a rapid change in the ...
Contractions of the uterus require energy, so the longer the mother is in labor the more energy she expends. When the mother is depleted of energy, the contractions become weaker and labor will become increasingly longer. [1] Antibiotics are also an important treatment as infection is a possible result of obstructed labor. [11]
i.e. 7% sodium chloride solution would be a hypertonic solution with respect to almost all living cells. 81.179.75.219 07:50, 3 July 2006 (UTC) [ reply ] Tonicity is a unitless comparison of the solute concentration of one solution to another.
Glucosuria causes a loss of hypotonic water and Na +, leading to a hypertonic state with signs of volume depletion, such as dry mucosa, hypotension, tachycardia, and decreased turgor of the skin. Use of some drugs, especially stimulants, may also increase blood glucose and thus increase urination. [citation needed].