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The shoulder abduction relief test, also called Bakody's test, is a medical maneuver used to evaluate for cervical radiculopathy. [1] Specifically, this test is used to evaluate for nerve root compression at C5-C7. It is often used when a patient presents with neck pain that radiates down the ipsilateral upper extremity. [2]
The patient rotates their head to the affected side and extends their neck, while the examiners applies downward pressure to the top of the patient's head. A positive Spurling's sign is when the pain arising in the neck radiates in the direction of the corresponding dermatome ipsilaterally. [1] It is a type of cervical compression test.
The diagnosis may be suggested by symptoms of pain, numbness, paresthesia, and weakness in a pattern consistent with the distribution of a particular nerve root, such as sciatica. [6] [7] Neck pain or back pain may also be present. [medical citation needed] Physical examination may reveal motor and sensory deficits in the distribution of a ...
Nerve conduction studies are beneficial to diagnose certain diseases of the nerves of the body. The test is not invasive, but can be painful due to the electrical shocks administered during the test. The shocks are associated with a low amount of electric current, so they pose minimal risk to the patients.
Pain can also be in the side of the neck, the pectoral area below the clavicle, the armpit/axillary area, and the upper back (i.e., the trapezius and rhomboid area). Discoloration of the hands, one hand colder than the other hand, weakness of the hand and arm muscles, and tingling are commonly present.
Neck pain, also known as cervicalgia, is a common problem, with two-thirds of the population having neck pain at some point in their lives. [ 1 ] Since there is not a universally accepted classification for neck pain, it is difficult to study the different neck pain types.
Differential diagnosis Compression of the upper spinal cord , multiple sclerosis , transverse myelitis , Behçet's disease , osteogenesis imperfecta In neurology , Lhermitte phenomenon , also called the barber chair phenomenon , is an uncomfortable "electrical" sensation that runs down the back and into the limbs.
Relief of pain at tumor site upon vascular occlusion of limb, with acute return of pain on reperfusion Hippocratic face: Hippocrates: palliative care: impending death: Hippocratic fingers: Hippocrates: pulmonary medicine: chronic hypoxia: clubbing of distal phalanges Hirschberg test: Julius Hirschberg: ophthalmology: strabismus
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