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  2. Virtual machine escape - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_machine_escape

    The bits considered safe were too broad, and not actually safe. CVE- 2016-7092 Xen Hypervisor: Disallow L3 recursive pagetable for 32-bit PV guests CVE-2017-5715, 2017-5753, 2017-5754: The Spectre and Meltdown hardware vulnerabilities, a cache side-channel attack on CPU level (Rogue Data Cache Load (RDCL)), allow a rogue process to read all ...

  3. Arbitrary code execution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrary_code_execution

    On its own, an arbitrary code execution exploit will give the attacker the same privileges as the target process that is vulnerable. [11] For example, if exploiting a flaw in a web browser, an attacker could act as the user, performing actions such as modifying personal computer files or accessing banking information, but would not be able to perform system-level actions (unless the user in ...

  4. Sandbox (computer security) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandbox_(computer_security)

    The sandbox metaphor derives from the concept of a child's sandbox—a play area where children can build, destroy, and experiment without causing any real-world damage. [1] It is often used to kill untested or untrusted programs or code, possibly from unverified or untrusted third parties, suppliers, users or websites, without risking harm to ...

  5. Shellcode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellcode

    This can be useful to avoid detection of the code and to allow the code to pass through filters that scrub non-alphanumeric characters from strings (in part, such filters were a response to non-alphanumeric shellcode exploits). A similar type of encoding is called printable code and uses all printable characters (0–9, A–Z, a–z ...

  6. WebAssembly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebAssembly

    The Emscripten SDK can compile any LLVM-supported languages (such as C, C++ or Rust, among others) source code into a binary file which runs in the same sandbox as JavaScript code. [note 2] Emscripten provides bindings for several commonly used environment interfaces like WebGL. As of version 8, a standalone Clang can compile C and C++ to Wasm ...

  7. Sandbox (software development) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandbox_(software_development)

    The term sandbox is commonly used for the development of web services to refer to a mirrored production environment for use by external developers. Typically, a third-party developer will develop and create an application that will use a web service from the sandbox, which is used to allow a third-party team to validate their code before migrating it to the production environment.

  8. Salt (software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(software)

    Salt (sometimes referred to as SaltStack) is a Python-based, open-source software for event-driven IT automation, remote task execution, and configuration management. Supporting the " infrastructure as code " approach to data center system and network deployment and management, configuration automation, SecOps orchestration, vulnerability ...

  9. Address space layout randomization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address_space_layout...

    Address space layout randomization (ASLR) is a computer security technique involved in preventing exploitation of memory corruption vulnerabilities. [1] In order to prevent an attacker from reliably redirecting code execution to, for example, a particular exploited function in memory, ASLR randomly arranges the address space positions of key data areas of a process, including the base of the ...