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Welfare economics is a branch of economics that uses microeconomic techniques to evaluate economic well-being, especially relative to competitive general equilibrium, with a focus on economic efficiency and income distribution. [13] In general usage, including by economists outside the above context, welfare refers to a form of transfer payment ...
Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
The envelope system, also known as the envelope budgeting method or cash stuffing, is a popular personal budgeting method for visualizing and maintaining a flexible budget. The key idea is to prioritize cash income to meet separate categories of household expenses in physically separate envelopes.
An economic system, or economic order, [1] is a system of production, resource allocation and distribution of goods and services within a society. It includes the combination of the various institutions, agencies, entities, decision-making processes, and patterns of consumption that comprise the economic structure of a given community.
In a sunset review, the entire function is eliminated unless evidence is provided of program effectiveness. Sarant's definition of the zero-base, based on the federal training experience, is the minimum level of funding necessary to keep a program alive.
In economics, a federal budget is the major plan for a federal government's estimated future revenues and spending for the coming fiscal year. [1] The federal budget is representation of the financial plan for the goals and activities of the government which in turn reflects the debates surrounding the various economical principles and ideas.
The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (OBRA-90; Pub. L. 101–508, 104 Stat. 1388, enacted November 5, 1990) is a United States statute enacted pursuant to the budget reconciliation process to reduce the United States federal budget deficit.
The object of the budget bill was to consolidate the spending agencies in both the executive and legislative branches of the government. [1] The act created the Bureau of the Budget, now called the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), to review funding requests from government departments and to assist the president in formulating the budget ...