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[1] [2] Unlike fixed-wing aircraft, of which the stall occurs at relatively low flight speed, the dynamic stall on a helicopter rotor emerges at high airspeeds or/and during manoeuvres with high load factors of helicopters, when the angle of attack(AOA) of blade elements varies intensively due to time-dependent blade flapping, cyclic pitch and ...
Retreating blade stall is a hazardous flight condition in helicopters and other rotary wing aircraft, where the retreating rotor blade has a lower relative blade speed, combined with an increased angle of attack, causing a stall and loss of lift. Retreating blade stall is the primary limiting factor of a helicopter's never exceed speed, V NE. [1]
In a helicopter the maximum forward speed is defined by the turn speed of the rotor; at some point the helicopter will be moving forward at the same speed as the spinning of the backwards-moving side of the rotor, so that side of the rotor sees zero or negative airspeed, and begins to stall. This limits modern helicopters to cruise speeds of ...
In aviation, and in particular in helicopters, servo transparency (also called servo reversibility or jack stall), [1] is a phenomenon affecting the servomechanisms (or servos) that assist a helicopter's flight controls, which, in certain flight conditions, can result in a significant stiffening of the controls handled by the pilot.
Autorotation is permitted mechanically because of both a freewheeling unit, which allows the main rotor to continue turning even if the engine is not running, as well as aerodynamic forces of relative wind maintaining rotor speed. It is the means by which a helicopter can land safely in the event of complete engine failure.
The amount of phase lag depends on the distance of the flapping hinge from the rotor hub. If the hinges are only slightly offset, phase lag will be 80-90 degrees, however a semi-rigid rotorhead will typically have phase lag of 75-80 degrees. [1] Phase lag is not caused by gyroscopic precession, which always has a lag of 90 degrees. [2]
This can damage the rotors and presents serious and costly maintenance problems. [46] Abrasion strips on helicopter rotor blades are made of metal, often titanium or nickel, which are very hard, but less hard than sand. When a helicopter flies low to the ground in desert environments, sand striking the rotor blade can cause erosion.
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