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A thyroidectomy is an operation that involves the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. In general surgery, endocrine or head and neck surgeons often perform a thyroidectomy when a patient has thyroid cancer or some other condition of the thyroid gland (such as hyperthyroidism) or goiter. Other indications for surgery include ...
Post-surgery radioactive iodine does not reduce recurrence in those with low risk thyroid cancer. [10] Patients with medullary, anaplastic, and most Hurthle-cell cancers do not benefit from this therapy. [14] External irradiation may be used when the cancer is unresectable, when it recurs after resection, or to relieve pain from bone metastasis ...
Surgery and radiation therapy have been the major treatments for medullary thyroid carcinoma. A plasma level of metanephrines should be checked before surgical thyroidectomy takes place to evaluate for the presence of pheochromocytoma since 25% of people found to have medullary thyroid cancer have the inherited form from the MEN2A syndrome ...
A large majority of the thyroid may be removed (subtotal thyroidectomy) to treat the hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease, or to remove a goiter that is unsightly or impinges on vital structures. [citation needed] A complete thyroidectomy of the entire thyroid, including associated lymph nodes, is the preferred treatment for thyroid cancer.
Surgery (thyroidectomy) may be indicated in some instances: Reaccumulation of the nodule despite 3–4 repeated FNACs; Size in excess of 4 cm in some cases; Compressive symptoms; Signs of malignancy (vocal cord dysfunction, lymphadenopathy) Cytopathology that does not exclude thyroid cancer
Thyroid surgery Non-thyroid surgery Parturition: Struma ovarii: Molar pregnancy: Trauma (i.e. hip fracture) Burns Myocardial infarction: Pulmonary embolism: Stroke: Heart failure: Radioactive iodine treatment Medication side effect (anesthetics, salicylate, pseudoephedrine, amiodarone) Exposure to iodinated contrast: Withdrawal of antithyroid ...
The effects of calcitonin are opposite those of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) produced in the parathyroid glands. However, calcitonin seems far less essential than PTH, since calcium metabolism remains clinically normal after removal of the thyroid (thyroidectomy), but not the parathyroid glands. [43]
Surgery (thyroidectomy to remove the whole thyroid or a part of it) is not extensively used because most common forms of hyperthyroidism are quite effectively treated by the radioactive iodine method, and because there is a risk of also removing the parathyroid glands, and of cutting the recurrent laryngeal nerve, making swallowing difficult ...