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In physical chemistry, the Arrhenius equation is a formula for the temperature dependence of reaction rates.The equation was proposed by Svante Arrhenius in 1889, based on the work of Dutch chemist Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff who had noted in 1884 that the van 't Hoff equation for the temperature dependence of equilibrium constants suggests such a formula for the rates of both forward and ...
Svante August Arrhenius (/ ə ˈ r iː n i ə s, ə ˈ r eɪ n i ə s / ə-REE-nee-əs, - RAY-, [3] [4] Swedish: [ˈsvânːtɛ aˈrěːnɪɵs]; 19 February 1859 – 2 October 1927) was a Swedish scientist. Originally a physicist, but often referred to as a chemist, Arrhenius was one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry.
Svante Arrhenius. The first modern definition of acids and bases in molecular terms was devised by Svante Arrhenius. [9] [10] A hydrogen theory of acids, it followed from his 1884 work with Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald in establishing the presence of ions in aqueous solution and led to Arrhenius receiving the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1903.
Arrhenius may refer to: Birgit Arrhenius (born 1932), Swedish archaeologist Carl Axel Arrhenius (1757–1824), Swedish army lieutenant and amateur mineralogist who discovered ytterbite , a mineral that led to the discovery of yttrium by Johan Gadolin
In 1884, Svante Arrhenius proposed that a base is a substance which dissociates in aqueous solution to form hydroxide ions OH −. These ions can react with hydrogen ions (H + according to Arrhenius) from the dissociation of acids to form water in an acid–base reaction. A base was therefore a metal hydroxide such as NaOH or Ca(OH) 2.
Arrhenius definition: Acids dissociate in water releasing H 3 O + ions; bases dissociate in water releasing OH − ions. Brønsted–Lowry definition: Acids are proton (H +) donors, bases are proton acceptors; this includes the Arrhenius definition.
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In the Arrhenius theory, acids are defined as substances that dissociate in aqueous solutions to give H + (hydrogen ions or protons), while bases are defined as substances that dissociate in aqueous solutions to give OH − (hydroxide ions). [4]