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Thyroid hormones, T4 and TSH, diffuse across the placenta traveling from the mother to fetus for 10–12 weeks before the fetus’s own thyroid gland can begin synthesizing its own thyroid hormones. [2] The mother continues to supply some T4 to the fetus even after he/she is able to synthesize his/her own.
Hypothyroidism is common in pregnancy with an estimated prevalence of 2-3% and 0.3-0.5% for subclinical and overt hypothyroidism respectively. [8] Endemic iodine deficiency accounts for most hypothyroidism in pregnant women worldwide while chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine sufficient parts of the world.
Of those women who experience hypothyroidism associated with postpartum thyroiditis, one in five will develop permanent hypothyroidism requiring lifelong treatment. Postpartum thyroiditis is believed to result from the modifications to the immune system necessary in pregnancy, and histologically is a subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis .
Hypothyroidism is more common in women than in men. [3] People over the age of 60 are more commonly affected. [3] Dogs are also known to develop hypothyroidism, as are cats and horses, albeit more rarely. [13] The word hypothyroidism is from Greek hypo-'reduced', thyreos 'shield', and eidos 'form', where the two latter parts refer to the ...
Neonatal hypothyroidism has been reported in cases of infants exposed to lithium, a mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar disorder, in utero. [4] In some instances, hypothyroidism detected by screening may be transient. One common cause of this is the presence of maternal antibodies that temporarily impair thyroid function for several weeks. [5]
It has been shown that the prevalence of positive tests for thyroid antibodies increases with age, "with a frequency as high as 33 percent in women 70 years old or older." [25] Hashimoto's thyroiditis can occur at any age, including children, [119] but more commonly appears in middle age, particularly for men. [123]
The coworker of a newly married woman says she used their recent company holiday party to swindle wedding gifts. After sharing a "sob story" about how she wasn't given enough money from her guests ...
Symptoms of normal pregnancy, like fatigue, can make it easy to overlook thyroid problems in pregnancy. [1] Thyroid hormone is vital during pregnancy. The unborn baby's brain and nervous system need thyroid hormone to develop. During the first trimester, the baby depends on the mother's supply of thyroid hormone. At 10 to 12 weeks of pregnancy ...
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