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In geometry, Euler's theorem states that the distance d between the circumcenter and incenter of a triangle is given by [1] [2] = or equivalently + + =, where and denote the circumradius and inradius respectively (the radii of the circumscribed circle and inscribed circle respectively).
The Nagel triangle or extouch triangle of is denoted by the vertices , , and that are the three points where the excircles touch the reference and where is opposite of , etc. This T A T B T C {\displaystyle \triangle T_{A}T_{B}T_{C}} is also known as the extouch triangle of A B C {\displaystyle \triangle ABC} .
This circle is called the incircle of the quadrilateral or its inscribed circle, its center is the incenter and its radius is called the inradius. Since these quadrilaterals can be drawn surrounding or circumscribing their incircles, they have also been called circumscribable quadrilaterals , circumscribing quadrilaterals , and circumscriptible ...
A curvilinear triangle is a shape with three ... Its radius is called the inradius. ... The area formula for a triangle can be proven by cutting two copies of the ...
If the n sides of a tangential polygon are a 1, ..., a n, the inradius (radius of the incircle) is [4] = = = where K is the area of the polygon and s is the semiperimeter. (Since all triangles are tangential, this formula applies to all triangles.)
Using the usual notations for a triangle (see the figure at the upper right), where a, b, c are the lengths of the three sides, A, B, C are the vertices opposite those three respective sides, α, β, γ are the corresponding angles at those vertices, s is the semiperimeter, that is, s = a + b + c / 2 , and r is the radius of the inscribed circle, the law of cotangents states that
where r is the inradius and R is the circumradius of the triangle. Here the sign of the distances is taken to be negative if and only if the open line segment DX (X = F, G, H) lies completely outside the triangle. In the diagram, DF is negative and both DG and DH are positive.
The radii and centers of these circles are called inradius and circumradius, and incenter and circumcenter respectively. From the definition it follows that bicentric quadrilaterals have all the properties of both tangential quadrilaterals and cyclic quadrilaterals .