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The sulfonate ion. In organosulfur chemistry, a sulfonate is a salt, anion or ester of a sulfonic acid. Its formula is R−S(=O) 2 −O −, containing the functional group −S(=O) 2 −O −, where R is typically an organyl group, amino group or a halogen atom. Sulfonates are the conjugate bases of sulfonic acids.
The structure of a sulfone Dimethyl sulfone, an example of a sulfone. In organic chemistry, a sulfone is a organosulfur compound containing a sulfonyl (R−S(=O) 2 −R’) functional group attached to two carbon atoms.
CHAPS is a zwitterionic surfactant used in the laboratory to solubilize biological macromolecules such as proteins.It may be synthesized from cholic acid [1] and is zwitterionic due to its quaternary ammonium and sulfonate groups; it is structurally similar to certain bile acids, such as taurodeoxycholic acid and taurochenodeoxycholic acid.
Detergents. A detergent is a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants with cleansing properties when in dilute solutions. [1] There are a large variety of detergents, a common family being the alkylbenzene sulfonates, which are soap-like compounds that are more soluble in hard water, because the polar sulfonate (of detergents) is less likely than the polar carboxylate (of soap) to bind to ...
Generic structure of an organosulfate, where R is an organyl group. In organosulfur chemistry, organosulfates are a class of organic compounds sharing a common functional group with the structure R−O−SO − 3.
General structure of a sulfonic acid with the functional group indicated in blue. In organic chemistry, sulfonic acid (or sulphonic acid) refers to a member of the class of organosulfur compounds with the general formula R−S(=O) 2 −OH, where R is an organic alkyl or aryl group and the S(=O) 2 (OH) group a sulfonyl hydroxide. [1]
Selenium, which is an essential element for animals and prokaryotes and is a beneficial element for many plants, is the least-common of all the elements essential to life. [ 3 ] [ 63 ] Selenium acts as the catalytic center of several antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase , [ 11 ] and plays a wide variety of other biological roles .
Under these conditions, the sulfonate groups are fully deprotonated and the mediator exists as a dianion. ABTS –· + e – → ABTS 2– E° ′ = 0.67 V vs SHE ABTS + e – → ABTS –· E° ′ = 1.08 V vs SHE [1] This compound is chosen because the enzyme facilitates the reaction with hydrogen peroxide, turning it into a green and soluble ...