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Psychometrics deals with measurement of psychological attributes. It involves developing and applying statistical models for mental measurements. [2] The measurement theories are divided into two major areas: (1) Classical test theory; (2) Item Response Theory. [3]
Repeatability or test–retest reliability [1] is the closeness of the agreement between the results of successive measurements of the same measure, when carried out under the same conditions of measurement. [2] In other words, the measurements are taken by a single person or instrument on the same item, under the same conditions, and in a ...
The validity of a measurement tool (for example, a test in education) is the degree to which the tool measures what it claims to measure. [3] Validity is based on the strength of a collection of different types of evidence (e.g. face validity, construct validity, etc.) described in greater detail below.
Re-administering the same test to the same group at some later time; Correlating the first set of scores with the second; The correlation between scores on the first test and the scores on the retest is used to estimate the reliability of the test using the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient: see also item-total correlation. 2.
Measurement in psychology and physics are in no sense different. Physicists can measure when they can find the operations by which they may meet the necessary criteria; psychologists have to do the same. They need not worry about the mysterious differences between the meaning of measurement in the two sciences (Reese, 1943, p. 49). [9]
Some journals encouraged authors to do more detailed analysis than just a statistical significance test. In social psychology, the journal Basic and Applied Social Psychology banned the use of significance testing altogether from papers it published, [53] requiring authors to use other measures to evaluate hypotheses and impact. [54] [55]
Reliability is supposed to say something about the general quality of the test scores in question. The general idea is that, the higher reliability is, the better. Classical test theory does not say how high reliability is supposed to be. Too high a value for , say over .9, indicates redundancy of items.
Pupillometry, the measurement of pupil size and reactivity, is a key part of the clinical neurological exam for patients with a wide variety of neurological injuries. It is also used in psychology . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]