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An explicit cost is a direct payment made to others in the course of running a business, such as wage, rent and materials, [1] as opposed to implicit costs, where no actual payment is made. [2] It is possible still to underestimate these costs, however: for example, pension contributions and other "perks" must be taken into account when ...
The comparison includes the gains and losses precluded by taking a course of action as well as those of the course taken itself. Economic cost differs from accounting cost because it includes opportunity cost. [3] [2] [4] (Some sources refer to accounting cost as explicit cost and opportunity cost as implicit cost. [2] [4])
In economics, profit is the difference between revenue that an economic entity has received from its outputs and total costs of its inputs, also known as surplus value. [1] It is equal to total revenue minus total cost, including both explicit and implicit costs. [2]
In common usage, as in accounting usage, cost typically does not refer to implicit costs and instead only refers to direct monetary costs. The economics term profit relies on the economic meaning of the term for cost. While in common usage, profit refers to earnings minus accounting cost, economists mean earnings minus economic cost or ...
In economics, an implicit cost, also called an imputed cost, implied cost, or notional cost, is the opportunity cost equal to what a firm must give up in order to use a factor of production for which it already owns and thus does not pay rent. It is the opposite of an explicit cost, which is borne directly. [1]
Explicit costs are the direct costs of an action (business operating costs or expenses), executed through either a cash transaction or a physical transfer of resources. [4] In other words, explicit opportunity costs are the out-of-pocket costs of a firm, that are easily identifiable. [ 5 ]
Implementation shortfall is a commonly targeted benchmark, which is the sum of all explicit and implicit costs. Sometimes, an opportunity cost of not transacting is factored in. [5] After measurement, costs must be attributed to their underlying causes. Finally, this analysis is used to evaluate performance and monitor future transactions.
In economics, a transaction cost is a cost incurred when making an economic trade when participating in a market. [ 1 ] The idea that transactions form the basis of economic thinking was introduced by the institutional economist John R. Commons in 1931.