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Arthus reactions (type III hypersensitivity reactions) are rarely reported after vaccination and can occur after tetanus toxoid–containing or diphtheria toxoid–containing vaccines. An Arthus reaction is a local vasculitis associated with deposition of immune complexes and activation of complement.
Skin response to hypersensitivity of this type is referred to as an Arthus reaction and is characterized by local erythema and some induration. Platelet aggregation, especially in microvasculature, can cause localized clot formation, leading to blotchy hemorrhages.
Nicolas Maurice Arthus (/ ɑːr ˈ tj uː s /, 9 January 1862 – 24 February 1945) was a French immunologist and physiologist. The Arthus reaction, a localized inflammatory response, is named after him. Arthus was born on 9 January 1862 in Angers, France. He studied medicine in Paris and received his doctorate in 1886.
The immune reactions are usually referred to as an over-reaction of the immune system and they are often damaging and uncomfortable. [ 4 ] In 1963, Philip George Houthem Gell and Robin Coombs introduced a systematic classification of the different types of hypersensitivity based on the types of antigens and immune responses involved. [ 5 ]
Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity reaction, caused by immune complexes. [2] When an antiserum is given, the human immune system can mistake the proteins present for harmful antigens . The body produces antibodies, which combine with these proteins to form immune complexes. [ 2 ]
Arthus may refer to: Arthus reaction, a type of local type III hypersensitivity reaction; Arthus-Bertrand, a French maker of medals and decorations; Tangara arthus or Golden tanager, a species of bird in the family Thraupidae; Le roi Arthus (King Arthur), a 1903 opera by the French composer Ernest Chausson; A variation of the name Artus
Systemic sclerosis, arthus reaction (a type III hypersensitivity reaction) and rheumatoid subcutaneous nodules. [ 17 ] An H&E -stained micrograph of a rheumatoid nodule reveals its characteristic histological structure, featuring a central core composed of fibrinoid necrosis, and surrounding this core is a layer of palisading macrophages and ...
Rheumatoid arthritis or Arthus reaction belong to this category. [23] Apart from autoantigen reactivity, T h 17 cells' inherent biology of low end MAP kinases signalling, especially Erk1/2 and p38, help their survival by refusing activation induced cell death (AICD). [24]