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Anti-ulcer agents are medications or supplements used to cure the damage of mucosal layer on organs to prevent the damage from further extending to deeper regions to cause complications. An anti-ulcer medication for treating mouth ulcer is triamcinolone, a corticosteroid. Other anti-ulcer supplements include vitamin B2 and vitamin B12.
Sucralfate is used for the treatment of active duodenal ulcers not related to the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), as the mechanism behind these ulcers is due to acid oversecretion. [1] It is not FDA approved for gastric ulcers, but is widely used because of evidence of efficacy. [10]
Rebamipide, an amino acid derivative of 2-(1H)-quinolinone, is used for mucosal protection, [1] healing of gastroduodenal ulcers, and treatment of gastritis. [2] It works by enhancing mucosal defense, scavenging free radicals, [3] and temporarily activating genes encoding cyclooxygenase-2.
These drugs are among the most widely sold drugs in the world, and are generally considered effective. [3] When these medications are used long term, the lowest effective dose should be taken. [4] They may also be taken only when symptoms occur in those with frequent problems. [5] Proton-pump inhibitors are named using the suffix "-prazole".
A gastric cytoprotectant is any medication that combats ulcers not by reducing gastric acid but by increasing mucosal protection. [2] Examples of gastric cytoprotective agents include prostaglandins which protect the stomach mucosa against injury by increasing gastric mucus secretion.
Helicobacter pylori eradication protocols is a standard name for all treatment protocols for peptic ulcers and gastritis in the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection. The primary goal of the treatment is not only temporary relief of symptoms but also total elimination of H. pylori infection.
Vonoprazan, sold under the brand name Voquezna among others, is a first-in-class potassium-competitive acid blocker medication. [2] [1] Vonoprazan is used in form of the fumarate for the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer (including some drug-induced peptic ulcers) and reflux esophagitis, and can be combined with antibiotics for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori.
Nearly all patients benefit from an ulcer protective drug (e.g. highly dosed antacids, ranitidine 150 mg at bedtime, or omeprazole 20 mg at bedtime). Other common gastrointestinal complaints, including dyspepsia , heartburn and mild diarrhea are less serious and rarely require discontinuation of indometacin.
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