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This is a purported list of ancient humans remains, including mummies, that may have been DNA tested. Provided as evidence of the testing are links to the mitochondrial DNA sequences, and/or to the human haplogroups to which each case has been assigned. Also provided is a brief description of when and where they lived.
This has been determined by DNA-testing both his exhumed remains and DNA-matching with living relatives on the maternal line. [39] Marguerite de Baugé , dame de Mirabel (1200–1252), is an ancestor of Pierre Terrail and the presently oldest known member of H10e with an unbroken genealogical tree on the maternal line up the present.
The deamination of cytosine to uracil at the ends of DNA molecules has become a way of authentication. During DNA sequencing, the DNA polymerases will incorporate an adenine (A) across from the uracil (U), leading to cytosine (C) to thymine (T) substitutions in the aDNA data. [52] These substitutions increase in frequency as the sample gets older.
The ancient DNA cross referenced with the DNA of relative modern genetic populations allows researchers to run comparison studies that provide a more complete analysis when ancient DNA is compromised. [3] Archaeogenetics receives its name from the Greek word arkhaios, meaning "ancient", and the term genetics, meaning "the study of heredity". [4]
A skeleton in a bioarchaeology lab. Paleodemography studies demographic characteristics of past populations. [5] Bioarchaeologists use paleodemography to create life tables, a type of cohort analysis, to understand zdemographic characteristics (such as risk of death or sex ratio) of a given age cohort within a population.
Phylogenetic tree of haplogroups I (left) and W (right). Kya in the left scale bar stands for thousand years ago. This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup W subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation [2] and subsequent published research.
This is a list of mummies – corpses whose skin and organs have been preserved intentionally, or incidentally. This list does not include the following: Bog bodies for which there is a separate list; List of Egyptian mummies (royalty) List of Egyptian mummies (officials, nobles, and commoners)
Haplogroup J is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade derives from the haplogroup JT , which also gave rise to haplogroup T . Within the field of medical genetics , certain polymorphisms specific to haplogroup J have been associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy .