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Antenatal twin anemia-polycythemia sequence classification. [6] Antenatal stage Results of a Doppler ultrasound scan Stage 1 MCA-PSV donor >1.5 MoM and MCA-PSV recipient <1.0 MoM, without other signs of fetal compromise Stage 2 MCA-PSV donor >1.7 MoM and MCA-PSV recipient <0.8 MoM, without other signs of fetal compromise Stage 3
Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a drug that inhibits phosphodiesterase and blocks adenosine receptors. [1] It is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma . [ 2 ]
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), also known as feto-fetal transfusion syndrome (FFTS), twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS) and stuck twin syndrome, is a complication of monochorionic multiple pregnancies (the most common form of identical twin pregnancy) in which there is disproportionate blood supply between the fetuses.
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Tedral is an oral bronchodilator, which contains three active ingredients, including (1) theophylline, (2) ephedrine, and (3) phenobarbital. [13] It was indicated for the symptomatic relief of asthmatic bronchitis, chronic bronchial asthma , COPD or other bronchospastic disorders . [ 14 ]
The effect of pregnancy on platelet count is unclear, with some studies demonstrating a mild decline in platelet count and other studies that show no effect. [24] The white blood cell count increases with occasional appearance of myelocytes or metamyelocytes in the blood. [24] During labor, there is a rise in leukocyte count.
If one twin dies in utero, blood accumulates in that twin's body, causing exsanguination of the remaining twin. [2] In the case of monoamniotic twins the risk of complications is substantially higher because of additional potential umbilical cord entanglement and compression. [3] However, the perinatal mortality of monochorionic twins is fairly ...
The other twin is usually normal in appearance. The normal twin, called the pump twin, drives blood through both fetuses. It is called "reversed arterial perfusion" because in the acardiac twin the blood flows in a reversed direction. [4] [5] TRAP sequence occurs in 1% of monochorionic twin pregnancies and 1 in 35,000 pregnancies overall. [6]