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The History of the Lombards or the History of the Langobards (Latin: Historia Langobardorum) is the chief work by Paul the Deacon, written in the late 8th century.This incomplete history in six books was written after 787 and at any rate no later than 796, maybe at Montecassino.
A 10th-century codex of Origo gentis Langobardorum from Reims, now in Berlin An 11th-century illustrated codex of Origo gentis Langobardorum, now in Salerno.. The Origo Gentis Langobardorum (Latin for "Origin of the tribe of the Lombards") is a short, 7th-century AD Latin account offering a founding myth of the Longobard people.
[19] From that moment onwards, the Winnili were known as the Longbeards (Latinised as Langobardi, Italianised as Longobardi, and Anglicized as Langobards or Lombards). When Paul the Deacon wrote the Historia between 787 and 796 he was a Catholic monk and devoted Christian. He thought the pagan stories of his people "silly" and "laughable".
Marepaphias (also mar(e)pahis) was a Lombard title of Germanic origin meaning "master of the horse", probably somewhat analogous to the Latin title comes stabuli or constable.
Portrait of Paulus Diaconus from a 10th-century manuscript (Laurentian Library Plut. 65.35 fol. 34r)Paul the Deacon (c. 720s – 13 April in 796, 797, 798, or 799 AD), also known as Paulus Diaconus, Warnefridus, Barnefridus, or Winfridus, and sometimes suffixed Cassinensis (i.e. "of Monte Cassino"), was a Benedictine monk, scribe, and historian of the Lombards.
Apart from the Hellenized south (Naples, Calabria and Sicily), the Lombards had overrun Italy within the first generation except for Venice and Istria in the northeast, and Rome, Ravenna and the Pentapolis in Central Italy.
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The first history of the Lombards, the lost Historiola from 610, was commissioned by Theodelinda, the granddaughter of Wacho who had led the tribe into Pannonia, and she had her palace in Monza decorated with scenes from the Lombard past.