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The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) was a United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) research initiative to improve understanding of the microbiota involved in human health and disease. Launched in 2007, [ 1 ] the first phase (HMP1) focused on identifying and characterizing human microbiota.
In 2020, an international panel of experts published the outcome of their discussions on the definition of the microbiome. They proposed a definition of the microbiome based on a revival of the "compact, clear, and comprehensive description of the term" as originally provided by Whipps et al., but supplemented with two explanatory paragraphs ...
For example, the genome contains the ORFeome, which gives rise to the transcriptome, which is translated to the proteome. Other terms are overlapping and refer to the structure and/or function of a subset of proteins (e.g. glycome, kinome). An omicist is a scientist who studies omeomics, cataloging all the “omics” subfields. [1]
Microbiomics is the study of microbiome dynamics, function, and structure. [20] This area of study employs several techniques to study the microbiome in its host environment: [19] Sampling methods focused on collecting representative samples of the local environment, either from oral swabs or stool. [19]
A biobank is a type of biorepository that stores biological samples (usually human) for use in research. Biobanks have become an important resource in medical research, supporting many types of contemporary research like genomics and personalized medicine. Biobanks can give researchers access to data representing a large number of people.
[33] [34] The ways the microbiome influences human and animal health, as well as methods to influence the microbiome are active areas of research. [35] Research has suggested that microorganisms could be useful in the treatment of cancer. Various strains of non-pathogenic clostridia can infiltrate and replicate within solid tumors. Clostridial ...
Research suggests that a diet low in red meat may help protect against chronic inflammatory diseases. Margarine, shortening, and lard . These are often high in saturated and trans fat, which can ...
The term microbiome describes either the collective genomes of the microbes that reside in an ecological niche or else the microbes themselves. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The microbiome and host emerged during evolution as a synergistic unit from epigenetics and genetic characteristics, sometimes collectively referred to as a holobiont .