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Sodium hypophosphite (NaPO 2 H 2, also known as sodium phosphinate) is the sodium salt of hypophosphorous acid and is often encountered as the monohydrate, NaPO 2 H 2 ·H 2 O. It is a solid at room temperature, appearing as odorless white crystals. It is soluble in water, and easily absorbs moisture from the air.
One type of amphoteric species are amphiprotic molecules, which can either donate or accept a proton (H +). This is what "amphoteric" means in Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory . For example, amino acids and proteins are amphiprotic molecules because of their amine ( −NH 2 ) and carboxylic acid ( −COOH ) groups.
A typical derivative is the salt [NH 4][HP(O) 2 OH]. [7] [6] Many related salts are known, e.g., RbHPHO 3, CsHPHO 3, TlHPHO 3. These salts are prepared by treating phosphorous acid with the metal carbonate. These compounds contain a layer polymeric anion consisting of HPO 3 tetrahedra linked by hydrogen bonds. These layers are interleaved by ...
In pharmaceutical technology acidic pharmaceutical substances are often converted into sodium salts, because they are more stable, more soluble or membrane-permeable (bioavailable) than the base compound.
The salt is obtained by partial neutralization of phosphoric acid. The pK a of monosodium phosphate is 6.8-7.2 (depending on the physicochemical characteristics during pK a determination). [2] Heating this salt above 169 °C gives disodium pyrophosphate: 2 NaH 2 PO 4 → Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 7 + H 2 O. When heated at 550 °C, anhydrous trisodium ...
One derivative is the glassy (i.e., amorphous) Graham's salt (sodium hexametaphosphate). It is a cyclic polyphosphate with the formula Na 6 [(PO 3 ) 6 ] . Crystalline high molecular weight polyphosphates include Kurrol's salt and Maddrell's salt (CAS#10361-03-2).
A species that can either accept or donate a proton is referred to as amphiprotic. An example is the H 2 O (water) molecule, which can gain a proton to form the hydronium ion, H 3 O +, or lose a proton, leaving the hydroxide ion, OH −. The relative ability of a molecule to give up a proton is measured by its pK a value.
Hypophosphorous acid (HPA), or phosphinic acid, is a phosphorus oxyacid and a powerful reducing agent with molecular formula H 3 PO 2.It is a colorless low-melting compound, which is soluble in water, dioxane and alcohols.