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Swarts fluorination is a process whereby the chlorine atoms in a compound – generally an organic compound, but experiments have been performed using silanes – are replaced with fluorine, by treatment with antimony trifluoride in the presence of chlorine or of antimony pentachloride. Some metal fluorides are particularly more useful than ...
The Swarts reaction is generally applied to the synthesis of organofluorine compounds, but experiments have been performed using silanes. [8] It was once used for the industrial production of freon. Other fluorine-containing Lewis acids serve as fluorinating agents in conjunction with hydrogen fluoride.
This reaction also affords (C 5 H 5) 2 ZrH 2, which is treated with methylene chloride to give Schwartz's reagent [3] An alternative procedure that generated Schwartz's reagent from dihydride has also been reported. [4] Moreover, it's possible to perform an in situ preparation of (C 5 H 5) 2 ZrHCl from zirconocene dichloride by using LiH.
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... Frankland–Duppa reaction; Fráter–Seebach alkylation; Free radical halogenation; ... Swarts reaction; Swern oxidation; T
Bis(trifluoromethyl)peroxide (BTP) is a fluorocarbon derivative first produced by Frédéric Swarts. [3] It has some utility as a radical initiator for polymerisation reactions. BTP is unusual in the fact that, unlike many peroxides, it is a gas, is non-explosive, and has good thermal stability. [4]
It was first prepared in 1901 by Frédéric Swarts, the Belgian chemist who was the first to prepare chlorofluorocarbons in 1892. Swarts used the reaction of zinc with 1,1-difluoro-2-bromoethane. It is produced industrially by two routes, one being the mercury-catalyzed reaction of acetylene and hydrogen fluoride: [2] HC≡CH + HF → CH 2 =CHF
From dibromofluoromethane by reductive debromination with a Swarts reagent. From a dihalomethane by an halogen exchange reaction or from a halomethane by catalyzed bromination or fluorination . The method with the highest yield is reductive debromination of dibromofluoromethane using an organotin hydride.
[2] [3] This synthesis route was first described by Frédéric Swarts in 1922. [4] Trifluoroacetonitrile can also be produced by reacting 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and ammonia at 610 °C. [5]