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Coastal defence weapons throughout history were heavy naval guns or weapons based on them, often supplemented by lighter weapons. In the late 19th century separate batteries of coastal artillery replaced forts in some countries; in some areas these became widely separated geographically through the mid-20th century as weapon ranges increased.
Also known as the Black Bulwark, the bulwark comprised an earthwork defence, forming part of a chain of defences between Sandown and Walmer Castle, linked by a trench or a covered way. It was designed by Stephen Haschenperg. By 1547, the bulwark was defaced and the guns had been removed; it was formally removed from service in 1550.
Coastal defence weapons throughout history were heavy naval guns or weapons based on them, often supplemented by lighter weapons. In the late 19th century separate batteries of coastal artillery replaced forts in some countries; in some areas, these became widely separated geographically through the mid-20th century as weapon ranges increased.
Deactivated as coastal fort: Year the fort was disarmed (periods of caretaker status are not noted). Deactivated as military post: Year the fort site was abandoned by the Armed Forces. For new construction in World War II, locations with 6-inch guns are included only where they were the primary defenses in the area.
The Device Forts, also known as Henrician castles and blockhouses, were a series of artillery fortifications built to defend the coast of England and Wales by Henry VIII. [a] Traditionally, the Crown had left coastal defences in the hands of local lords and communities but the threat of French and Spanish invasion led the King to issue an order, called a "device", for a major programme of work ...
F. Fårösund; Fårösund Fortress; Foça Castle; Folly fort; Fort Amherst, St. John's; Fort Antoine Theatre; Fort Ballance; Fort Charlotte, Mobile; Fort Hamilton
A woman about to lose her home to the sea to coastal erosion for a second time says she will keep fighting to protect the coastline for other homeowners. Bryony Nierop-Reading, 78, has watched the ...
Coastal fortifications in Scotland played a vital role during the World Wars, protecting shipping as they mustered to convoy. New fortifications were built and old defences were also rebuilt or strengthened around the Scottish coast in case of invasion .