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They contain an extensive secretory network of canaliculi from which the HCl is secreted by active transport into the stomach. The enzyme hydrogen potassium ATPase (H + /K + ATPase) is unique to the parietal cells and transports the H + against a concentration gradient of about 3 million to 1, [ citation needed ] which is the steepest ...
Gastric juice is the combination of gastric gland secretions including the main component of hydrochloric acid (gastric acid), gastric lipase and pepsinogen. [3] Once in the stomach pepsinogen is changed by gastric acid to the digestive enzyme pepsin adding this enzyme to the gastric juice. [4] Gastric acid secretion is produced in several steps.
Gastric juice, containing gastric acid, is secreted from gastric glands, which are located in gastric pits. Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, pepsinogen and mucus. Hydrochloric acid is secreted by parietal cells, pepsinogen is secreted by gastric chief cells and mucus is secreted by mucous neck cells. [3]
It is not secreted in adult mammals. Chief cells also produce small amounts of gastric lipase. Gastric lipase contributes little to digestion of fat. Parietal cells ("parietal" means "relating to a wall"), also known as oxyntic cells are most numerous on the side walls of the gastric glands. The parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid (gastric ...
An early exception was the Bonnington Chemical Works where, in 1830, the HCl began to be captured and the hydrochloric acid produced was used in making sal ammoniac (ammonium chloride). [24] After the passage of the act, soda ash producers were obliged to absorb the waste gas in water, producing hydrochloric acid on an industrial scale. [25] [26]
Chief cells are part of fundic gland polyps (here shown in high magnification). [11]In gastric tissue, a loss of parietal cells due to chronic inflammation has been shown to affect chief cell differentiation and can induce chief cells to transdifferentiate back into neck cells and can lead to the formation of mucus cell metaplasia known as spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia (SPEM ...
In mammals, HCl is secreted into the lumen of the proventriculus using parietal cells, while chief cells secrete the pepsinogen into the lumen. [7] In birds, the gastric glands of the proventriculus secrete both the HCl and pepsinogen. [8] Since pepsinogen is a zymogen, it is then activated to pepsin, using
20287 Ensembl ENSG00000070031 ENSG00000274473 ENSMUSG00000038580 UniProt P09683 Q08535 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_021920 NM_011328 NM_001287171 NM_001309439 RefSeq (protein) NP_068739 NP_001274100 NP_001296368 NP_035458 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 0.63 – 0.63 Mb Chr 7: 140.86 – 140.86 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis ...