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In the first millennium BCE, Osiris and Isis became the most widely worshipped Egyptian deities, and Isis absorbed traits from many other goddesses. Rulers in Egypt and its southern neighbor Nubia built temples dedicated primarily to Isis, and her temple at Philae was a religious center for Egyptians and Nubians alike.
The Horus of the night deities – Twelve goddesses of each hour of the night, wearing a five-pointed star on their heads Neb-t tehen and Neb-t heru, god and goddess of the first hour of night, Apis or Hep (in reference) and Sarit-neb-s, god and goddess of the second hour of night, M'k-neb-set, goddess of the third hour of night, Aa-t-shefit or ...
The mysteries of Isis were religious initiation rites performed in the cult of the Egyptian goddess Isis in the Greco-Roman world. They were modeled on other mystery rites , particularly the Eleusinian mysteries in honor of the Greek goddesses Demeter and Persephone , and originated sometime between the third century BCE and the second century CE .
Plutarch likely equated Rhea with the Egyptian goddess Nut. [11] [12] She had five children on each of the five days: Osiris, later ruler of the gods and then god of the dead; Horus the Elder,Set, (equated with Typhon) Isis and Nephthys. The first two children were fathered by Helios, Isis by Mercury, and Set and Nephthys by Saturn.
The sons of Horus themselves were thought to be under the protection of four goddesses, usually Isis for Imsety, Nephthys for Hapy, Neith for Duamutef, and Serqet for Qebehsenuef. [3] In the Middle Kingdom, this scheme could vary and sometimes included different goddesses, so that Sendjet guarded Duamutef and Renenutet guarded Qebehsenuef. [21]
Nephthys was known in some ancient Egyptian temple theologies and cosmologies as the "Helpful Goddess" or the "Excellent Goddess". [3] These late ancient Egyptian temple texts describe a goddess who represented divine assistance and protective guardianship. Nephthys is regarded as the mother of the funerary deity Anubis (Inpu) in some myths.
During the Hellenistic period between 323 and 30 BC, the goddess Isis became associated with Bastet and cats, as indicated by an inscription at the Temple of Edfu: “Isis is the soul of Bastet”. In this period, cats were systematically bred to be killed and to be mummified as sacrifices to the gods. [20]
Sopdet is the ancient Egyptian name of the star Sirius and its personification as an Egyptian goddess. Known to the Greeks as Sothis , she was conflated with Isis as a goddess and Anubis as a god. Names