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Based on excavations in Guerrero, examination of looted artifacts, and excavation of Mezcala artifacts at Teotihuacan, archaeologists have given the name "Mezcala culture" to a Mesoamerican culture that was based in the present-day southern Mexican state of Guerrero, [1] in the upper Balsas River region. [2]
The Balsas River valley was possibly one of the earliest maize growing sites in Mexico, dating from around 9200 years ago. [4] Though it is known that successive communities of Yopis, Nahuatl-speaking Cohuixcas, Matlatzincas, Chontales, Tlahuicas and Xochimilcas have lived in the region, archeological excavations in the area have yet to establish the hierarchical succession of the various ...
Most of the Lowland Mixteca is part of the Balsas River basin, which receives the waters of the Atoyac, Acatlán, Mixteco, and other rivers. The climate is typically that of a dry broadleaf forest, an ecosystem characterized by a combination of xerophytic vegetation with other species that grow periodically during the rainy season.
The Balsas Basin is a low-lying region, with a hot climate and scarce rainfall, whose dryness is mitigated by the presence of the Balsas River and its numerous branches. Central Guerrero corresponds to the Sierra Madre del Sur, a region rich in mineral deposits but poor in agricultural potential.
The Nexapa River is a tributary of the upper portion of the Balsas. The Amacuzac River enters the state from the State of Mexico. It passes under the Grutas de Cacahuamilco, then reemerges to form part of the border between Guerrero and Morelos. The Tepecoacuilco or Huitzuco River forms within the state and is a tributary of the Balsas. The ...
The river is also called Rio de balsas, after the balsa trees (Ochroma lagopus) that were found along its bank. Balsa wood is very light, and is used for rafts. In Spanish, balsa means "raft". [9] A 1997 study of the middle basin of the river found 40 species of fish in 38 genera and 17 families.
The state is in the highest part of the Balsas River basin, ... 37,569 people were counted as speaking an indigenous language, ... [150] The museum includes the ...
More recent evidence supports Balsas River valley as the first place in the world where maize was first domesticated about 9000 years ago. [ 11 ] The so-called "Balsas teosinte ", now considered to be the direct predecessor of maize, grows mostly in the middle part of the Balsas valley at this time.