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In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the terms crayfish or crawfish commonly refer to the European spiny lobster, a saltwater species found in much of the East Atlantic and Mediterranean. [33] The only true crayfish species native to the British Isles is the endangered white clawed crayfish .
The genus Cambarus is the second largest freshwater crayfish genus inhabiting the Northern Hemisphere, with only sixty fewer species than the genus Procambarus. [2] Though Cambarus are varied across species, the two terminal elements that make up the male form I gonopod form ninety degree angles with the central appendage, allowing for their identification.
Cambarus bartonii is a species of crayfish native to eastern North America, where it is called the common crayfish [3] or Appalachian brook crayfish. [2]Cambarus bartonii was the first crayfish to be described from North America, when Johan Christian Fabricius published it under the name Astacus bartonii in his 1798 work Supplementum entomologiae systematicae. [4]
The Cambaridae are the largest of the four families of freshwater crayfish, with over 400 species. [1] Most of the species in the family are native to the United States east of the Great Divide and Mexico, but fewer range north to Canada, and south to Guatemala and Honduras. Three live on the island of Cuba.
Fallicambarus is a genus of crayfish in the family Cambaridae from the United States and Canada. It includes 12 species, of which one is on the IUCN Red List as a vulnerable species (VU) and one as an endangered species (EN). The species of this genus are all restricted to three states or fewer, from Texas and Oklahoma east to Florida. [2]
Procambarus acutus, the white river crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is found in North America and Europe. [3] [4] [1] [5] The IUCN conservation status of Procambarus acutus is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2010.
Cambaroides is a genus of freshwater crayfish from eastern Asia (eastern Russia, northeastern China, Korean Peninsula and Japan). Together with Pontastacus, they are the only crayfish native to Asia. Cambaroides contains about six species: [1] [2] [3]
The marbled crayfish or Marmorkrebs (Procambarus virginalis) is a parthenogenetic crayfish that was discovered in the pet trade in Germany in 1995. [4] [5] Marbled crayfish are closely related to the "slough crayfish", Procambarus fallax, [6] which is widely distributed across Florida. [7] No natural populations of marbled crayfish are known.