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A word is a fixed-sized datum handled as a unit by the instruction set or the hardware of the processor. The number of bits or digits [a] in a word (the word size, word width, or word length) is an important characteristic of any specific processor design or computer architecture.
Flash memory organization includes both one bit per memory cell and a multi-level cell capable of storing multiple bits per cell. The memory cells are grouped into words of fixed word length, for example, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 or 128 bits. Each word can be accessed by a binary address of N bits, making it possible to store 2 N words in the memory.
The ERA 1103 uses word addressing with 36-bit words. Only addresses 0-1023 refer to random-access memory; others are either unmapped or refer to drum memory. The PDP-10 uses word addressing with 36-bit words and 18-bit addresses. Most Cray supercomputers from the 1980s and 1990s use word addressing with 64-bit words.
Alternatively, one can pack the structure, omitting the padding, which may lead to slower access, but uses three quarters as much memory. Although data structure alignment is a fundamental issue for all modern computers, many computer languages and computer language implementations handle data alignment automatically.
The word RAM model is an abstract machine similar to a random-access machine, but with finite memory and word-length. It works with words of size up to w bits, meaning it can store integers up to . Because the model assumes that the word size matches the problem size, that is, for a problem of size n, , the word RAM model is a ...
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The memory cell is an electronic circuit that stores one bit of binary information and it must be set to store a logic 1 (high voltage level) and reset to store a logic 0 (low voltage level). Its value is maintained/stored until it is changed by the set/reset process.
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