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Chronic radiation damage to the rectum (>3 months) may cause rectal bleeding, incontinence, or a change in bowel habits secondary. Severe cases may lead to with strictures or fistulae formation. [ 5 ] [ 4 ] Chronic radiation proctopathy can present at a median time of 8-12 months following radiation therapy.
Infections caused by ionizing radiation can be endogenous, originating from the oral and gastrointestinal bacterial flora, and exogenous, originating from breached skin following trauma. The organisms causing endogenous infections are generally gram negative bacilli such as Enterobacteriaceae (i.e. Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae ...
Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...
Endoscopic therapies including argon plasma coagulation have been used for bleeding telangiectasia in radiation proctitis and at other intestinal sites, although there is a rick of perforation. [2] Surgical treatment may be needed for intestinal obstruction, fistulae, or perforation, which can happen in more severe cases. [12]
Radiation colitis is injury to the colon caused by radiation therapy. It is usually associated with treatment for prostate cancer or cervical cancer . [ 1 ] Common symptoms are diarrhea , a feeling of being unable to empty the bowel , [ 2 ] gastrointestinal bleeding, and abdominal pain.
Bowel obstruction and the resulting nausea may also occur as a result of anti-cancer therapy such as radiation, [13] or adhesion after surgery. [14] Impaired gastric emptying as a result of bowel obstruction may not respond to drugs alone, and surgical intervention is sometimes the only means of symptom relief. [ 15 ]
Pseudo-obstruction in adults is a rare disorder that can have primary or secondary causes. Adult pseudo-obstruction's most frequent secondary causes include radiation enteritis, amyloidosis, paraneoplastic syndromes, hypothyroidism, usage of substances with anticholinergic or narcotic effects, diabetes, scleroderma, and other connective tissue ...
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS), also known as radiation sickness or radiation poisoning, is a collection of health effects that are caused by being exposed to high amounts of ionizing radiation in a short period of time. [1] Symptoms can start within an hour of exposure, and can last for several months.