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Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN (methyl cyanide), is the chemical compound with the formula CH 3 CN and structure H 3 C−C≡N. This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile ( hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic ).
log 10 of Acetonitrile vapor pressure. Uses formula log e P m m H g = {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{e}P_{mmHg}=} log e ( 760 101.325 ) − 3.881710 log e ( T + 273.15 ) − 4999.618 T + 273.15 + 41.05901 + 3.515956 × 10 − 06 ( T + 273.15 ) 2 {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{e}({\frac {760}{101.325}})-3.881710\log _{e}(T+ ...
A colorless liquid, it is derived from acetonitrile (CH 3 CN) by replacement of one H with Cl. In practice, it is produced by dehydration of chloroacetamide. [1] The compound is an alkylating agent, [2] and as such is handled cautiously. Chloroacetonitrile is also generated in situ by the reaction of acetonitrile with sulfur monochloride.
Typical nitrile ligands are acetonitrile, propionitrile, and benzonitrile.The structures of [Ru(NH 3) 5 (NCPh)] n+ have been determined for the 2+ and 3+ oxidation states. Upon oxidation the Ru-NH 3 distances contract and the Ru-NCPh distances elongate, consistent with amines serving as pure-sigma donor ligands and nitriles functioning as pi-acceptors.
Trichloroacetonitrile can be obtained by chlorination of acetonitrile on a zinc, copper and alkaline earth metal halide-impregnated activated carbon catalyst at 200–400 °C with a 54% yield. [ 3 ] The high temperatures required by this process favours the formation of byproducts, such as tetrachloromethane .
Aminoacetonitrile is the organic compound with the formula H 2 N−CH 2 −C≡N.The compound is a colorless liquid. It is unstable at room temperature, owing to the incompatibility of the amine nucleophile and the nitrile electrophile.
Propionitrile is a solvent similar to acetonitrile but with a slightly higher boiling point. It is a precursor to propylamines by hydrogenation. It is a precursor to propylamines by hydrogenation. It is a C-3 building block in the preparation of the drug flopropione by the Houben-Hoesch reaction .
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.