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Cholecystostomy or (cholecystotomy) is a medical procedure used to drain the gallbladder through either a percutaneous or endoscopic approach. The procedure involves creating a stoma in the gallbladder, which can facilitate placement of a tube or stent for drainage, first performed by American surgeon, Dr. John Stough Bobbs, in 1867.
Cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder.Cholecystectomy is a common treatment of symptomatic gallstones and other gallbladder conditions. [1] In 2011, cholecystectomy was the eighth most common operating room procedure performed in hospitals in the United States. [2]
Other procedures associated with ERCP include the trawling of the common bile duct with a basket or balloon to remove gallstones and the insertion of a plastic stent to assist the drainage of bile. [11] Also, the pancreatic duct can be cannulated and stents be inserted. The pancreatic duct requires visualisation in cases of pancreatitis.
Biliary drainage is performed with a tube or catheter (called a biliary drain, biliary stent or biliary catheter) by a surgeon or, commonly, an interventional radiologist. [3] It can be used to relieve a blockage in the bile duct, either permanently or as a temporary solution before definite treatment such as surgery.
Endoscopic stenting is a medical procedure by which a stent, a hollow device designed to prevent constriction or collapse of a tubular organ, is inserted by endoscopy. They are usually inserted when a disease process has led to narrowing or obstruction of the organ in question, such as the esophagus or the colon .
Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy is sometimes used, with or without stenting, to relieve the obstruction, but systematic reviews have not demonstrated consistent benefits. [ 5 ] Treatment of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: this is a diagnosis of exclusion which encompasses a broad spectrum of hepatobiliary disorders including spasms, strictures ...
Some uses for this procedure includes: drainage of bile/infected bile to relieve obstructive jaundice, to place a stent to dilate a stricture in the biliary system, stone removal, and rendezvous technique [4] where guidewire from the common bile duct (CBD) meets with duodenoscope (coming from the oesophagus into the stomach and then duodenum) at the major duodenal papilla.
If the output is less than 40 cm 3 /day, the drain is removed. [16] It can be sent for a bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase test if there are concerns regarding the output. [5] After the surgery, nasogastric suction is usually maintained for 2–3 days and the tube is removed when there is low output. Once the tube is in place, it can be used ...