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OPA was first described in the UK in 1888, [4] and described in detail in South Africa in 1891. [6] The disease was initially known as jaagsiekte [jɑːχˈsiktə], a word derived from Afrikaans, meaning "chasing sickness", so called because animals are in respiratory distress as if they are out of breath from being chased. [6]
JSRV is the virus that is the cause of the contagious lung tumors in sheep called ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA). The disease has also been called "jaagsiekte", after the Afrikaans words for "chase" (jaag) and "sickness" (siekte), to describe the respiratory distress observed in an animal out of breath from being chased, indicating the breathing difficulty experienced by infected sheep.
Sheep and goats are both small ruminants with cosmopolitan distributions due to their being kept historically and in modern times as grazers both individually and in herds in return for their production of milk, wool, and meat. [1]
Real Estate Elevated (formerly known as Success Path) is an educational program that provides real estate investment training and aims to help students find and flip houses in the United States. [1] Following the premiere of the HGTV’s ‘ Flip or Flop ’ in 2013, the show’s hosts, Tarek and Christina El-Moussa, launched Real Estate Elevated.
[2] [3] The virus causes tumor growth in the upper nasal cavity and is closely related to JSRV which also causes respiratory tumors in ovine. [4] The disease, enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma is common in North America and is found in sheep and goats on every continent except New Zealand and Australia . [ 5 ]
First described in 1954 by Bjorn Sigurdsson in Iceland, [6] Maedi-visna virus was the first lentivirus to be isolated and characterized, accomplished in 1957 by Sigurdsson. [6] [7] [8] Maedi (Icelandic mæði 'dyspnoea') and visna (Icelandic visna 'wasting' [9] or 'shrinking' of the spinal cord) refer to endemic sheep herd conditions that were only found to be related after Sigurdsson's work.
DNA viruses – herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human cytomegalovirus (CMV), Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) [68] Several studies have shown that EBV is able to transactivate the expression of the normally inactive HERV-K18 Env protein, e.g., interacting with resting B cells via the CD21 receptor.
Cache Valley virus is the most common Orthobunyavirus in North America, [17] and while isolated in 1956, was only linked to disease in Texas in 1987 during a large occurrence of aborted and malformed lambs in a sheep flock. [18] The virus does not only infect sheep, however, as In 2002 a survey conducted in 22 states showed 28% of cattle ...