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Shell and tube heat exchangers consist of a tube bundle which is placed inside the larger shell. [2] Due to this design these exchanger require twice the footprint of the plate heat exchanger in order to perform maintenance. Depending on the amount of cooling needed, shell and tube heat exchangers can be built in single or double pass ...
Because heat exchangers can be configured many different ways, TEMA has standardized the nomenclature of exchanger types. [13] A letter designation is used for the front head type, shell type, and rear head type of an exchanger. For example, a fixed tubesheet exchanger with bolted removable bonnets is designated as a 'BEM' type.
Fluid flow simulation for a shell-and-tube style exchanger; The shell inlet is at the top rear and outlet in the foreground at the bottom Shell and tube heat exchanger. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger designs. [1] [2] It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes ...
The number of transfer units (NTU) method is used to calculate the rate of heat transfer in heat exchangers (especially parallel flow, counter current, and cross-flow exchangers) when there is insufficient information to calculate the log mean temperature difference (LMTD).
It is used in some household stoves [1] and in some industrial process vessels (tanks), such as shell and tube heat exchangers, chemical reactors, and static mixers. Baffles are an integral part of the shell and tube heat exchanger design. A baffle is designed to support tube bundles and direct the flow of fluids for maximum efficiency.
The fins also serve to increase the structural integrity of the heat exchanger and allow it to withstand high pressures while providing an extended surface area for heat transfer. A high degree of flexibility is present in plate-fin heat exchanger design as they can operate with any combination of gas, liquid, and two-phase fluids. [3]
The study concluded that although microbial fouling was an issue for the warm surface water heat exchanger, the cold water heat exchanger suffered little or no biofouling and only minimal inorganic fouling. [46] Besides water temperature, microbial fouling also depends on nutrient levels, with growth occurring faster in nutrient rich water. [113]
As compared to shell and tube heat exchangers, the temperature approach (the smallest difference between the temperatures of the cold and hot streams) in a plate heat exchangers may be as low as 1 °C whereas shell and tube heat exchangers require an approach of 5 °C or more. For the same amount of heat exchanged, the size of the plate heat ...