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  2. Packing problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packing_problems

    v. t. e. Packing problems are a class of optimization problems in mathematics that involve attempting to pack objects together into containers. The goal is to either pack a single container as densely as possible or pack all objects using as few containers as possible. Many of these problems can be related to real-life packaging, storage and ...

  3. Bin packing problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bin_packing_problem

    The objective is to achieve the minimum perturbation to the item size vector so that all the items can be packed into the prescribed number of bins. In the maximum resource bin packing problem, [51] the goal is to maximize the number of bins used, such that, for some ordering of the bins, no item in a later bin fits in an earlier bin. In a dual ...

  4. Mathematical optimization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_optimization

    Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. [ 1][ 2] It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization.

  5. Newsvendor model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsvendor_model

    Newsvendor model. The newsvendor (or newsboy or single-period[ 1] or salvageable) model is a mathematical model in operations management and applied economics used to determine optimal inventory levels. It is (typically) characterized by fixed prices and uncertain demand for a perishable product. If the inventory level is , each unit of demand ...

  6. Knapsack problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knapsack_problem

    Definition. The most common problem being solved is the 0-1 knapsack problem, which restricts the number of copies of each kind of item to zero or one. Given a set of items numbered from 1 up to , each with a weight and a value , along with a maximum weight capacity , subject to and . Here represents the number of instances of item to include ...

  7. Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karush–Kuhn–Tucker...

    Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. In mathematical optimization, the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker ( KKT) conditions, also known as the Kuhn–Tucker conditions, are first derivative tests (sometimes called first-order necessary conditions) for a solution in nonlinear programming to be optimal, provided that some regularity conditions are satisfied.

  8. Maximum and minimum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_and_minimum

    In mathematical analysis, the maximum and minimum[ a] of a function are, respectively, the largest and smallest value taken by the function. Known generically as extremum, [ b] they may be defined either within a given range (the local or relative extrema) or on the entire domain (the global or absolute extrema) of a function. [ 1][ 2][ 3 ...

  9. Minimum-cost flow problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum-cost_flow_problem

    The minimum-cost flow problem ( MCFP) is an optimization and decision problem to find the cheapest possible way of sending a certain amount of flow through a flow network. A typical application of this problem involves finding the best delivery route from a factory to a warehouse where the road network has some capacity and cost associated.

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