Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Castner–Kellner process. The Castner–Kellner process is a method of electrolysis on an aqueous alkali chloride solution (usually sodium chloride solution) to produce the corresponding alkali hydroxide, [1] invented by American Hamilton Castner and Austrian Carl Kellner in the 1890s. [2][3] It is a type of chloralkali process, but in this ...
An electrolytic process is the use of electrolysis industrially to refine metals or compounds at a high purity and low cost. Some examples are the Hall-Héroult process [1] used for aluminium, or the production of hydrogen from water. Electrolysis is usually done in bulk using hundreds of sheets of metal connected to an electric power source.
An electrolytic cell is an electrochemical cell that utilizes an external source of electrical energy to force a chemical reaction that would otherwise not occur. [ 1 ] : 64, 89 [ 2 ] : GL7 The external energy source is a voltage applied between the cell's two electrodes ; an anode (positively charged electrode) and a cathode (negatively ...
An electrolytic cell is an electrochemical cell in which applied electrical energy drives a non-spontaneous redox reaction. [5] A modern electrolytic cell consisting of two half reactions, two electrodes, a salt bridge, voltmeter, and a battery. They are often used to decompose chemical compounds, in a process called electrolysis.
Diagram of a downs cell electrolyzing molten NaCl into chlorine gas and sodium metal. Downs' process is an electrochemical method for the commercial preparation of metallic sodium, in which molten NaCl is electrolyzed in a special apparatus called the Downs cell. The Downs cell was invented in 1923 (patented: 1924) by the American chemist James ...
Hall–Héroult process. The Hall–Héroult process is the major industrial process for smelting aluminium. It involves dissolving aluminium oxide (alumina) (obtained most often from bauxite, aluminium 's chief ore, through the Bayer process) in molten cryolite and electrolyzing the molten salt bath, typically in a purpose-built cell.
Diagram of Castner process apparatus. The Castner process is a process for manufacturing sodium metal by electrolysis of molten sodium hydroxide at approximately 330 °C. Below that temperature, the melt would solidify; above that temperature, the molten sodium would start to dissolve in the melt.
Solving the Nernst equation for the half-reaction of reduction of two protons into hydrogen gas gives: 2 H+ + 2 e− ⇌ H2. In biochemistry and in biological fluids, at pH = 7, it is thus important to note that the reduction potential of the protons ( H +) into hydrogen gas H. 2 is no longer zero as with the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE ...