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Ammonium bifluoride is an inorganic compound with the formula [NH4] [HF2] or [NH4]F·HF. It is produced from ammonia and hydrogen fluoride. This colourless salt is a glass- etchant and an intermediate in a once-contemplated route to hydrofluoric acid.
186 etched glass at Bankfield Museum. Glass etching, or " French embossing ", is a popular technique developed during the mid-1800s that is still widely used in both residential and commercial spaces today. Glass etching comprises the techniques of creating art on the surface of glass by applying acidic, caustic, or abrasive substances.
Buffered oxide etch (BOE), also known as buffered HF or BHF, is a wet etchant used in microfabrication. It is a mixture of a buffering agent, such as ammonium fluoride NH4F, and hydrofluoric acid (HF). Its primary use is in etching thin films of silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4) or silicon dioxide (SiO 2), by the reaction: SiO2 + 4HF + 2NH4F → (NH4 ...
This substance is commonly called "commercial ammonium fluoride". The word "neutral" is sometimes added to "ammonium fluoride" to represent the neutral salt [NH 4]F as opposed to the "acid salt" (NH 4 HF 2). The acid salt is usually used in preference to the neutral salt in the etching of glass and related silicates. This property is shared ...
Other sources include glass-etching or chrome-cleaning agents like ammonium bifluoride or hydrofluoric acid, [12] [13] industrial exposure to fluxes used to promote the flow of a molten metal on a solid surface, volcanic ejecta (for example, in cattle grazing after an 1845–1846 eruption of Hekla and the 1783–1784 flood basalt eruption of ...
The novel way of printmaking known as fluorine etching was developed by the Polish chemist Tadeusz Estreicher (1871–1952) in the early years of the twentieth century. . Commercial glass-makers everywhere had been using etching as a standard decoration for drinking and other glasses since the mid-nineteenth century as a cheaper alternative to engra
ZBLAN is the most stable, and consequently the most used, fluoride glass, a subcategory of the heavy metal fluoride glass (HMFG) group. Typically its composition is 53% Z rF 4, 20% B aF 2, 4% L aF 3, 3% A lF 3 and 20% N aF. ZBLAN is not a single material but rather has a spectrum of compositions, many of which are still untried.
Dealkalization is a process of surface modification applicable to glasses containing alkali ions, wherein a thin surface layer is created that has a lower concentration of alkali ions than is present in the underlying, bulk glass. This change in surface composition commonly alters the observed properties of the surface, most notably enhancing ...
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