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  2. Convergence insufficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergence_insufficiency

    The symptoms and signs associated with convergence insufficiency are related to prolonged, visually demanding, near-centered tasks. They may include, but are not limited to, diplopia (double vision), asthenopia (eye strain), transient blurred vision, difficulty sustaining near-visual function, abnormal fatigue, headache, and abnormal postural adaptation, among others.

  3. Dyslexia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyslexia

    3–7% [2][5] Dyslexia, previously known as word blindness, is a learning disability ('learning difficulty' in the UK [6]) that affects either reading or writing. [1][7] Different people are affected to different degrees. [3] Problems may include difficulties in spelling words, reading quickly, writing words, "sounding out" words in the head ...

  4. Research in dyslexia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_in_dyslexia

    Dyslexia is a reading disorder wherein an individual experiences trouble with reading. Individuals with dyslexia have normal levels of intelligence but can exhibit difficulties with spelling, reading fluency, pronunciation, "sounding out" words, writing out words, and reading comprehension. The neurological nature and underlying causes of ...

  5. Dyscalculia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyscalculia

    Dyscalculia (/ ˌdɪskælˈkjuːliə /) [1][2][3][4] is a learning disability resulting in difficulty learning or comprehending arithmetic, such as difficulty in understanding numbers, learning how to manipulate numbers, performing mathematical calculations, and learning facts in mathematics. It is sometimes colloquially referred to as "math ...

  6. Language-based learning disability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language-based_learning...

    Dyslexia is a common language-based learning disability. Dyslexia can affect reading fluency, decoding, reading comprehension, recall, writing, spelling, and sometimes speech and can exist along with other related disorders. [15] The greatest difficult those with the disorder have is with spoken and the written word.

  7. History of dyslexia research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_dyslexia_research

    Adolph Kussmaul. The concept of "word-blindness" (German: "wortblindheit"), as an isolated condition, was first developed by the German physician Adolph Kussmaul in 1877. [ 1 ][ 2 ] Identified by Oswald Berkhan in 1881, [ 3 ] the term 'dyslexia' was later coined in 1887 by Rudolf Berlin, [ 4 ] an ophthalmologist practicing in Stuttgart, Germany ...

  8. Orthographies and dyslexia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographies_and_dyslexia

    Orthographic dyslexia, a subtype of dyslexia, results in difficulty decoding and encoding skills due to slow and inaccurate rates of storing word and letter formations into memory. Orthographic dyslexics have difficulty in storing mental representation of words, especially phonetically irregular words such as word spellings that end in -ight ...

  9. Characteristics of dyslexia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristics_of_dyslexia

    An arithmetic worksheet filled in by a dyscalculic child with teachers grading marks obscuring the child penmanship. Dyslexia and dyscalculia are two learning disorders with different cognitive profiles. Dyslexia and dyscalculia have separable cognitive profiles, mainly a phonological deficit in the case of dyslexia and a deficient number ...