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Recently an innovative environmentally friendly approach has been developed for the covalent functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using clove buds. This approach is innovative and green because it does not use toxic and hazardous acids which are typically used in common carbon nanomaterial functionalization procedures.
When multi-walled nanotubes (MWCNTs) are loaded, the majority of the applied load is borne by the outer shell. Owing to this limited load transfer between the different layers of MWCNTs, single walled nanotubes (SWCNTs) are more useful structural materials for springs.
Carbon nanotubes are the strongest and stiffest materials yet discovered in terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus respectively. This strength results from the covalent sp 2 bonds formed between the individual carbon atoms. In 2000, a multi-walled carbon nanotube was tested to have a tensile strength of 63 gigapascals (9,100,000 psi).
Lalwani et al. have reported a novel radical initiated thermal crosslinking method to fabricated macroscopic, free-standing, porous, all-carbon scaffolds using single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as building blocks. [5] These scaffolds possess macro-, micro-, and nano- structured pores and the porosity can be tailored for specific ...
A biologically-based, environmentally friendly approach for the covalent functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using clove buds was developed. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] No toxic/hazardous acids are typically used in common carbon nanomaterial functionalization procedures, as employed in this synthesis.
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes have been investigated in several species for their potential to promote mutagenesis. Studies in spinach, mice, various human cell lines , and rats have shown that MWCNT exposure is associated with oxidative damage , increased apoptosis , chromosome damage, and necrosis .
Single-walled carbon nanotubes can be shortened in a scalable manner using oleum (100% H 2 SO 4 with 3% SO 3) and nitric acid. The nitric acid cuts carbon nanotubes while the oleum creates a channel. [6] In one type of chemical modification, aniline is oxidized to a diazonium intermediate.
When they heard of the existence of nanotubes they replaced the metals with graphite to create multi-walled carbon nanotubes. [6] Later that year the team used a composite of graphite and metal catalyst particles (the best yield was from a cobalt and nickel mixture) to synthesize single-walled carbon nanotubes. [7]