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Universal joints are shown in green. De Dion rear axle. A de Dion axle is a form of non-independent automobile suspension. It is a considerable improvement over the swing axle, Hotchkiss drive, or live axle. [1] Because it plays no part in transmitting power to the drive wheels, it is sometimes called a "dead axle". [2]
Hardy Spicer is a brand of automotive transmission or driveline equipment best known for its mechanical constant velocity universal joint originally manufactured in Britain by Hardy employing patents belonging to US-based Spicer Manufacturing. Hardy and Spicer soon became partners. Later Spicer became Dana Holding Corporation.
Universal joints in a driveshaft. A configuration known as a double Cardan joint drive shaft partially overcomes the problem of jerky rotation. This configuration uses two U-joints joined by an intermediate shaft, with the second U-joint phased in relation to the first U-joint to cancel the changing angular velocity.
A prop-shaft assembly consists of a propeller shaft, a slip joint and one or more universal joints. Where the engine and axles are separated from each other, as on four-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive vehicles, it is the propeller shaft that serves to transmit the drive force generated by the engine to the axles.
Animation of a universal joint. The predecessor to the constant-velocity joint was the universal joint (also called a Cardan joint) which was invented by Gerolamo Cardano in the 16th century. A short-coming of the universal joint is that the rotational speed of the output shaft fluctuates despite the rotational speed of the input shaft being ...
In 1904, Clarence W. Spicer, engineer, inventor, and founder of the company , began manufacturing universal joints in Plainfield, New Jersey. Also in 1904, the first C.W. Spicer "u-joints" were shipped to Corbin Motor Company in Connecticut. In 1905, Spicer Universal Joint Manufacturing Company was incorporated. [3]
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