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Figure 1: Example two-port network with symbol definitions. Notice the port condition is satisfied: the same current flows into each port as leaves that port.. In electronics, a two-port network (a kind of four-terminal network or quadripole) is an electrical network (i.e. a circuit) or device with two pairs of terminals to connect to external circuits.
In general the elements of the Z-parameter matrix are complex numbers and functions of frequency. For a one-port network, the Z-matrix reduces to a single element, being the ordinary impedance measured between the two terminals. The Z-parameters are also known as the open circuit parameters because they are measured or calculated by applying ...
However, the variables at the two ports will be different and the two-port parameters will be a mixture of two energy domains. For instance, in the actuator example, the z-parameters will include one electrical impedance, one mechanical impedance, and two transimpedances that are ratios of one electrical and one mechanical variable. [8]
where the z mn are called the impedance parameters, or z-parameters. They are so called because they are in units of impedance and relate port currents to a port voltage. The z-parameters are not the only way that transfer matrices are defined for two-port networks.
z-parameters, or Impedance parameters, are one set from the family of parameters that define a two-port network, with input and output values defined by I 1, I 2, V 1 and V 2, [12]: 254 [25]: 29 as shown in the figure. Two-port Network. Equations defining network behaviour in terms of z-parameters are
Usually a two-port network is implied but the concept can be extended to networks with more than two ports. The definition of image impedance for a two-port network is the impedance, Z i 1, seen looking into port 1 when port 2 is terminated with the image impedance, Z i 2, for port 2. In general, the image impedances of ports 1 and 2 will not ...
For instance the [z] parameter model leads to dependent voltage generators as shown in this diagram; [z] parameter equivalent circuit showing dependent voltage generators. There will always be dependent generators in a two-port parameter equivalent circuit. This applies to the [h] parameters as well as to the [z] and any other kind.
Each two-port network in an RF chain can be described by a parameter set, which relates the voltages and currents appearing at the terminals of that network. [4]: 29 Examples are: impedance parameters, i.e. z-parameters; admittance parameters, i.e. y-parameters or, for high frequency situations, scattering parameters, i.e. S-parameters.