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There are two main types of carbon sequestration: biologic (also called biosequestration) and geologic. [3] Biologic carbon sequestration is a naturally occurring process as part of the carbon cycle. Humans can enhance it through deliberate actions and use of technology. Carbon dioxide (CO
Blue carbon is defined by the IPCC as "Biologically driven carbon fluxes and storage in marine systems that are amenable to management." [2]: 2220 Another definition states: "Blue carbon refers to organic carbon that is captured and stored by the oceans and coastal ecosystems, particularly by vegetated coastal ecosystems: seagrass meadows, tidal marshes, and mangrove forests."
Salt marsh during low tide, mean low tide, high tide and very high tide (spring tide). A coastal salt marsh in Perry, Florida, USA.. A salt marsh, saltmarsh or salting, also known as a coastal salt marsh or a tidal marsh, is a coastal ecosystem in the upper coastal intertidal zone between land and open saltwater or brackish water that is regularly flooded by the tides.
Blue carbon management is another type of ocean-based biological carbon dioxide removal (CDR). It can involve land-based as well as ocean-based measures. [172]: 12–51 [174]: 764 The term usually refers to the role that tidal marshes, mangroves and seagrasses can play in carbon sequestration.
The salinity levels in brackish marshes can range from 0.5 ppt to 35 ppt. [2] Marshes are also characterised by low-growing vegetation and bare mud or sand flats. [3] Due to the variations in salinity, brackish marshes create a distinctive ecosystem where plants from either freshwater or saltwater marshes can co-inhabit. [4]
Much of the organic carbon retained in the soil of agricultural areas has been depleted due to intensive farming. Blue carbon designates carbon that is fixed via certain marine ecosystems. Coastal blue carbon includes mangroves, salt marshes and seagrasses. These make up a majority of ocean plant life and store large quantities of carbon.
Carbon farming enhances carbon sequestration in the soil. Carbon farming is a set of agricultural methods that aim to store carbon in the soil, crop roots, wood and leaves. The technical term for this is carbon sequestration. The overall goal of carbon farming is to create a net loss of carbon from the atmosphere. [1]
This ability to store carbon is important as atmospheric carbon levels continue to rise. Blue carbon refers to carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere by the world's coastal marine ecosystems , mostly mangroves , salt marshes , seagrasses and potentially macroalgae , through plant growth and the accumulation and burial of organic matter in ...