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The Sputnik crisis was a period of public fear and anxiety in Western nations about the perceived technological gap between the United States and Soviet Union caused by the Soviets' launch of Sputnik 1, the world's first artificial satellite. [1]
Sputnik 1 (/ ˈ s p ʌ t n ɪ k, ˈ s p ʊ t n ɪ k /, Russian: Спутник-1, Satellite 1), sometimes referred to as simply Sputnik, was the first artificial Earth satellite. It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space program .
In The New York Times, Aerospace Security Project director Kari Bingen and Project on Nuclear Issues director Heather Williams compared Russian anti-satellite capabilities to Sputnik 1 and the Sputnik crisis, [10] a claim made by Bloomberg News's Katrina Manson. [11]
Korabl-Sputnik 2 (aka Sputnik 5) 1961 January 31 USA First great ape or Hominidae in space, Ham, a chimpanzee Mercury-Redstone 2: 1961 February 12 USSR First launch from Earth orbit of upper stage into a heliocentric orbit First mid-course corrections First spin-stabilisation: Venera 1: 1961 April 12 USSR First human spaceflight mission (Yuri ...
The competition gained Western public attention with the "Sputnik crisis", when the USSR achieved the first successful satellite launch, Sputnik 1, on October 4, 1957. It gained momentum when the USSR sent the first human, Yuri Gagarin, into space with the orbital flight of Vostok 1 on April 12, 1961. These were followed by a string of other ...
During the Cold War, the Soviet Union took the lead in the Space Race with the launch of Sputnik 1 on 4 October 1957. Sputnik was the first artificial satellite in orbit around the Earth, and the surprise of its successful launch, compounded by the resounding failure of Project Vanguard to launch an American satellite after two attempts, had been dubbed the "Sputnik crisis" by the media and ...
The recovery of the Discoverer 14 return capsule (typical for the CORONA series) A KH-4B CORONA satellite Discoverer 14 launch 1960, Thor Agena "A" launch vehicle. The CORONA [1] program was a series of American strategic reconnaissance satellites produced and operated by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Directorate of Science & Technology with substantial assistance from the U.S. Air Force.
Vanguard rocket on Pad LC-18A. Project Vanguard was a program managed by the United States Navy Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), which intended to launch the first artificial satellite into low Earth orbit using a Vanguard rocket [1] as the launch vehicle from Cape Canaveral Missile Annex, Florida.