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Laminated dough is a culinary preparation consisting of many thin layers of dough separated by butter or other solid fat, produced by repeated folding and rolling. Such doughs may contain more than eighty layers. [1] During baking, water in the butter vaporizes and expands, causing the dough to puff up and separate, while the lipids in the ...
The farinograph gives bakers a good snapshot of the flour's properties and how the flour will react in different stages of baking, which helps them pick a certain flour for any given purpose. Millers use the Brabender Farinograph to access the properties of the flour, to ascertain whether changes need to be made in the mill.
Puff pastry, also known as pâte feuilletée, is a light, flaky pastry, its base dough (détrempe) composed of wheat flour and water. Butter or other solid fat (beurrage) is then layered into the dough. The dough is repeatedly rolled and folded, rested, re-rolled and folded, encasing solid butter between each resulting layer.
Dough is compressed between two or more rotating rollers. [1] When done the right way, a smooth and consistent dough sheet is produced. The dough then passes one or several gauging rollers (mostly on conveyors) that reduce the dough to the required thickness. After this the dough sheet is shaped into a desired dough product.
Initially, the water in the dough turns to steam in the oven and causes the pastry to rise; then the starch in the flour gelatinizes, thereby solidifying the pastry. [25] Once the choux dough has expanded, it is taken out of the oven; a hole is made in it to let out the steam. The pastry is then placed back in the oven to dry out and become crisp.
For example, in a recipe that calls for 10 pounds of flour and 5 pounds of water, the corresponding baker's percentages are 100% for the flour and 50% for the water. Because these percentages are stated with respect to the weight of flour rather than with respect to the weight of all ingredients, the sum of these percentages always exceeds 100%.
Baking: The proofed dough is loaded into a hot oven for baking. During the first few minutes, the remaining rise will occur in the dough and is known as oven spring . Starch gelatinization begins at 105 °F (41 °C), [ 34 ] the yeast dies at 140 °F (60 °C), [ 35 ] and the baking is finished when the product reaches an internal temperature of ...
In domestic cooking, bulk solids, notably flour and sugar, are measured by volume, often cups, though they are sold by weight at retail. Weight measures are used for meat . Butter may be measured by either weight ( 1 ⁄ 4 lb) or volume (3 tbsp) or a combination of weight and volume ( 1 ⁄ 4 lb plus 3 tbsp); it is sold by weight but in ...