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[112] [113] For Augustine, the rebellion of Satan was the first and final cause of evil; thus, he rejected earlier teachings about Satan having fallen when the world was already created. [ 114 ] [ 115 ] In his Civitas Dei , he describes two cities ( Civitates ) distinct from and opposed to each other like light and darkness. [ 116 ]
Jesus' parable of the Sower (Mathew 13): the first two scenes of unproductive soil represent the devil and the flesh (not so much the world) birds eating the seed -- (Matthew 13:19) "When anyone hears the message about the kingdom and does not understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away what was sown in their heart";
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) introduces a concept similar to Irenaean theodicy, that experiencing evil is a necessary part of the development of the soul. Specifically, the laws of nature prevent an individual from fully comprehending or experiencing good without experiencing its opposite. [ 61 ]
Matthew 6:7–16 from the 1845 illuminated book of The Sermon on the Mount, designed by Owen Jones. In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads: And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen. The English Standard Version translates the passage as:
The first occurrence of the word "satan" in the Hebrew Bible in reference to a supernatural figure comes from Numbers 22:22, [15] [8] which describes the Angel of Yahweh confronting Balaam on his donkey: [7] "Balaam's departure aroused the wrath of Elohim, and the Angel of Yahweh stood in the road as a satan against him."
In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads: Then the devil taketh him up into the holy city, and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple, The World English Bible translates the passage as: Then the devil took him into the holy city. He set him on the pinnacle of the temple, The 1881 Westcott-Hort Greek text is:
The author is identified as "James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ" (James 1:1). James (Jacob, Hebrew: יַעֲקֹב, romanized: Ya'aqov, Ancient Greek: Ιάκωβος, romanized: Iakobos) was an extremely common name in antiquity, and a number of early Christian figures are named James, including: James the son of Zebedee, James the Less, James the son of Alphaeus, and James ...
The Real Jesus Christ, documentary about Jesus from the perspective of James and the Jerusalem Church, Channel 4 "The martyrdom of James, the brother of the Lord" Quotes from lost writings of Hegesippus in Eusebius; Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews (Book 20, Chapter 9) Jerome, De Viris Illustribus Chapter 2. Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901 ...