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According to traditional Japanese beliefs, all humans have a spirit or soul called a reikon ().When a person dies, the reikon leaves the body and enters a form of purgatory, where it waits for the proper funeral and post-funeral rites to be performed so that it may join its ancestors. [1]
Naraka (Sanskrit: नरक; Chinese: 地獄／奈落; pinyin: Dìyù/Nàiluò; Japanese: 地獄／奈落, romanized: Jigoku/Naraku) is a term in Buddhist cosmology [1] usually referred to in English as "hell" (or "hell realm") or "purgatory". [2] [3] Another term used for the concept of hell in earlier writings is niraya. [4]
The word "purgatory" has come to refer to a wide range of historical and modern conceptions of postmortem suffering short of everlasting damnation. [4] English-speakers also use the word analogously to mean any place or condition of suffering or torment, especially one that is temporary. [5]
When a person dies in an unexpected, violent or traumatic way, the reikon remains amongst the living as a yūrei, or ghost, who must complete an unfinished duty amongst the living or be given a proper ritual to ease its passing into the next world.
First, it will be useful to introduce some key Japanese terms for dictionaries and collation (ordering of entry words) that the following discussion will be using.. The Wiktionary uses the English word dictionary to define a few synonyms including lexicon, wordbook, vocabulary, thesaurus, and translating dictionary.
honji suijaku (本地垂迹) – a theory common in Japan before the Meiji period according to which Buddhist deities choose to appear as native kami to the Japanese in order to save them. [6] hotoke (仏) Japanese term meaning for buddha (an enlightened one). [2] A Buddhist sacred image or statue. [2] A deceased person or his/her soul. [2]
A Definition Etymology In other languages abhidhamma A category of scriptures that attempts to use Buddhist teachings to create a systematic, abstract description of all worldly phenomena abhi is "above" or "about", dhamma is "teaching" Pāli: abhidhamma Sanskrit: abhidharma Bur: အဘိဓမ္မာ abhidhamma Khmer: អភិធម្ម âphĭthômm Tib: ཆོས་མངོན་པ ...
' State Shinto ') – Japanese translation of the English term State Shinto created in 1945 by the US occupation forces to define the post-Meiji religious system in Japan. Kokoro (心, lit. ' heart ') – The essence of a thing or being. Kokugakuin Daigaku (國學院大學) – Tokyo university that is one of two authorized to train Shinto priests.