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There remain, as of 2025, twelve sovereign monarchies in Europe. Seven are kingdoms: Denmark, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Spain, the Netherlands, and Belgium. Three are principalities: Andorra, Liechtenstein, and Monaco. Finally, Luxembourg is a grand duchy and Vatican City is a theocratic, elective monarchy ruled by the pope.
These are the approximate categories which present monarchies fall into: [citation needed]. Commonwealth realms.King Charles III is the monarch of fifteen Commonwealth realms (Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, and the United ...
United Kingdom: King: Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa Bahrain: 6 March 1999 [e] (25 years, 347 days) Al Khalifa [f] Executive: Salman, Crown Prince of Bahrain [30] King: Philippe Belgium: 21 July 2013 (11 years, 210 days) Saxe-Coburg and Gotha [g] Ceremonial: Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant, Princess of Belgium [h] [34] King [i] Jigme Khesar Namgyel ...
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This is a list of kingdoms and royal dynasties, organized by geographic region. Note: many countries have had multiple dynasties over the course of recorded history. This is not a comprehensively exhaustive list and may require further additions or historical verification.
There are and have been throughout recorded history a great many monarchies in the world. Tribal kingship and Chiefdoms have been the most widespread form of social organisation from the Neolithic, and the predominance of monarchies has declined only with the rise of Republicanism in the modern era.
This list includes defunct and extant monarchical dynasties of sovereign and non-sovereign statuses at the national and subnational levels. Monarchical polities each ruled by a single family—that is, a dynasty, although not explicitly styled as such, like the Golden Horde and the Qara Qoyunlu—are included.
The list below includes all entities falling even partially under any of the various common definitions of Europe, geographical or political.Fifty generally recognised sovereign states, Kosovo with limited, but substantial, international recognition, and four largely unrecognised de facto states with limited to no recognition have territory in Europe and/or membership in international European ...