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  2. Hydroelectricity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricity

    Hydropower can provide large amounts of low-carbon electricity on demand, making it a key element for creating secure and clean electricity supply systems. [2] A hydroelectric power station that has a dam and reservoir is a flexible source, since the amount of electricity produced can be increased or decreased in seconds or minutes in response ...

  3. Osmotic power - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_power

    Salinity gradient energy is based on using the resources of “osmotic pressure difference between fresh water and sea water.” [9] All energy that is proposed to use salinity gradient technology relies on the evaporation to separate water from salt. Osmotic pressure is the "chemical potential of concentrated and dilute solutions of salt". [10]

  4. Hydropower - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydropower

    Hydropower technology and attitude began to shift in the second half of the 20th century. While countries had largely abandoned their small hydropower systems by the 1930s, the smaller hydropower plants began to make a comeback in the 1970s, boosted by government subsidies and a push for more independent energy producers. [56]

  5. Pressure-retarded osmosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure-retarded_osmosis

    The ideal water potential between fresh water (right) and sea water (left) corresponds to a hydraulic head of 270 metres. Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is a technique to separate a solvent (for example, fresh water) from a solution that is more concentrated (e.g. sea water) and also pressurized.

  6. Hydroelectric power in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectric_power_in_the...

    US hydropower generated 1949-2008 (blue), and hydropower as percent of total US electricity (red). Hydroelectric power generation in the United States. The earliest hydroelectric power generation in the U.S. was utilized for lighting and employed the better understood direct current (DC) system to provide the electrical flow.

  7. Magnetohydrodynamic generator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetohydrodynamic_generator

    A magnetohydrodynamic generator (MHD generator) is a magnetohydrodynamic converter that transforms thermal energy and kinetic energy directly into electricity.An MHD generator, like a conventional generator, relies on moving a conductor through a magnetic field to generate electric current.

  8. Water power engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_power_engine

    The water powered turbines used in these dams need little maintenance, are easily upgradable with modern technology, and have a lifespan of 50–100 years. Clean energy created by hydro power plants attracts positive results in otherwise remote areas. It enhances commerce and gives rise to more industry.

  9. Water turbine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_turbine

    Affinity laws allow the output of a turbine to be predicted based on model tests. A miniature replica of a proposed design, about one foot (0.3 m) in diameter, can be tested and the laboratory measurements applied to the final application with high confidence. Affinity laws are derived by requiring similitude between the test model and the ...

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